pital expenditures of $111 million (1989 est.)

_#_Exports: $58.0 million (f.o.b., 1988);

commodities--livestock, hides, skins, bananas, fish;

partners--US 0.5%, Saudi Arabia, Italy, FRG (1986)

_#_Imports: $354.0 million (c.i.f., 1988);

commodities--textiles, petroleum products, foodstuffs, construction
materials;

partners--US 13%, Italy, FRG, Kenya, UK, Saudi Arabia (1986)

_#_External debt: $1.9 billion (1989)

_#_Industrial production: growth rate - 5.0% (1988); accounts for 5%
of GDP

_#_Electricity: 72,000 kW capacity; 60 million kWh produced,
7 kWh per capita (1990)

_#_Industries: a few small industries, including sugar refining,
textiles, petroleum refining

_#_Agriculture: dominant sector, led by livestock raising (cattle,
sheep, goats); crops--bananas, sorghum, corn, mangoes, sugarcane; not
self-sufficient in food; fishing potential largely unexploited

_#_Economic aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $639
million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments
(1970-87), $3.2 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $1.1 billion;
Communist countries (1970-89), $336 million

_#_Currency: Somali shilling (plural--shillings);
1 Somali shilling (So.Sh.) = 100 centesimi

_#_Exchange rates: Somali shillings (So. Sh.) per US$1--3,800.00
(December 1990), 490.7 (1989), 170.45 (1988), 105.18 (1987), 72.00
(1986), 39.49 (1985)

_#_Fiscal year: calendar year

_*_Communications
_#_Highways: 15,215 km total; including 2,335 km bituminous surface,
2,880 km gravel, and 10,000 km improved earth or stabilized soil (1983)

_#_Pipelines: 15 km crude oil

_#_Ports: Mogadishu, Berbera, Chisimayu

_#_Merchant marine: 3 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 6,913
GRT/9,457 DWT; includes 2 cargo, 1 refrigerated cargo

_#_Civil air: 2 major transport aircraft

_#_Airports: 61 total, 46 usable; 8 with permanent-surface runways;
2 with runways over 3,659 m; 5 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 22 with
runways 1,220-2,439 m

_#_Telecommunications: minimal telephone and telegraph service; radio
relay and troposcatter system centered on Mogadishu connects a few towns;
6,000 telephones; stations--2 AM, no FM, 1 TV; 1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT
earth station; scheduled to receive an ARABSAT station

_*_Defense Forces
_#_Branches: Somali National Army (including Navy, Air Force, and
Air Defense Force), National Police Force, National Security Service

_#_Ma