npower availability: males 15-49, 1,601,690; 902,732 fit for
military service

_#_Defense expenditures: $NA, NA% of GDP
_%_
_@_South Africa
_*_Geography
_#_Total area: 1,221,040 km2; land area: 1,221,040 km2; includes
Walvis Bay, Marion Island, and Prince Edward Island

_#_Comparative area: slightly less than twice the size of Texas

_#_Land boundaries: 4,973 km total; Botswana 1,840 km, Lesotho
909 km, Mozambique 491 km, Namibia 1,078 km, Swaziland 430 km, Zimbabwe
225 km

_#_Coastline: 2,881 km

_#_Maritime claims:

Continental shelf: 200 m (depth) or to depth of exploitation;

Exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm;

Territorial sea: 12 nm

_#_Disputes: claim by Namibia to Walvis Bay exclave and 12 offshore
islands administered by South Africa

_#_Climate: mostly semiarid; subtropical along coast; sunny days,
cool nights

_#_Terrain: vast interior plateau rimmed by rugged hills and
narrow coastal plain

_#_Natural resources: gold, chromium, antimony, coal, iron ore,
manganese, nickel, phosphates, tin, uranium, gem diamonds, platinum,
copper, vanadium, salt, natural gas

_#_Land use: arable land 10%; permanent crops 1%; meadows and
pastures 65%; forest and woodland 3%; other 21%; includes irrigated 1%

_#_Environment: lack of important arterial rivers or lakes requires
extensive water conservation and control measures

_#_Note: Walvis Bay is an exclave of South Africa in Namibia;
South Africa completely surrounds Lesotho and almost completely
surrounds Swaziland

_*_People
_#_Population: 40,600,518 (July 1991), growth rate 2.7% (1991);
includes the 10 so-called homelands, which are not recognized by the US;

four independent homelands--Bophuthatswana 2,419,515, growth rate
2.83%; Ciskei 1,056,552, growth rate 2.96%; Transkei 4,553,994, growth
rate 4.16%; Venda 691,273, growth rate 3.83%;

six other homelands--Gazankulu 772,532, growth rate 3.98%; Kangwane
576,573, growth rate 3.62%; KwaNdebele 360,582, growth rate 3.38%;
KwaZulu 5,546,082, growth rate 3.60%; Lebowa 2,812,630, growth rate
3.91%; QwaQwa 277,957, growth rate 3.60%

_#_Birth rate: 34 births/1,000 population (1991)

_#_Death rate: 8 deaths/1,000 population (1991)

_#_Net migration rate: NEGL migrants/1,000 population (1991)

_#_Infant mortality rate: 51 deaths/1,000 live births (1991)

_#_Life expectancy at birth: 61 years male, 67 years female (1991)

_#_Total fertility rate: 4.4 children bo