6 with permanent-surface runways;
1 with runways over 3,659 m; 2 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 60 with
runways 1,220-2,439 m

_#_Telecommunications: principal center in Asuncion; fair intercity
microwave net; 78,300 telephones; stations--40 AM, no FM, 5 TV, 7
shortwave; 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth station

_*_Defense Forces
_#_Branches: Army, Navy (including Naval Air and Marines), Air Force

_#_Manpower availability: males 15-49, 1,130,690; 823,136 fit for
military service; 51,415 reach military age (17) annually

_#_Defense expenditures: $84 million, 1.4% of GDP (1988 est.)
_%_
_@_Peru
_*_Geography
_#_Total area: 1,285,220 km2; land area: 1,280,000 km2

_#_Comparative area: slightly smaller than Alaska

_#_Land boundaries: 6,940 km total; Bolivia 900 km, Brazil 1,560 km,
Chile 160 km, Colombia 2,900 km, Ecuador 1,420 km

_#_Coastline: 2,414 km

_#_Maritime claims:

Territorial sea: 200 nm

_#_Disputes: two sections of the boundary with Ecuador are in dispute

_#_Climate: varies from tropical in east to dry desert in west

_#_Terrain: western coastal plain (costa), high and rugged Andes in
center (sierra), eastern lowland jungle of Amazon Basin (selva)

_#_Natural resources: copper, silver, gold, petroleum, timber,
fish, iron ore, coal, phosphate, potash

_#_Land use: arable land 3%; permanent crops NEGL%; meadows and
pastures 21%; forest and woodland 55%; other 21%; includes irrigated
1%

_#_Environment: subject to earthquakes, tsunamis, landslides, mild
volcanic activity; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion;
desertification; air pollution in Lima

_#_Note: shares control of Lago Titicaca, world's highest navigable
lake, with Bolivia

_*_People
_#_Population: 22,361,785 (July 1991), growth rate 2.0% (1991)

_#_Birth rate: 28 births/1,000 population (1991)

_#_Death rate: 8 deaths/1,000 population (1991)

_#_Net migration rate: 0 migrants/1,000 population (1991)

_#_Infant mortality rate: 66 deaths/1,000 live births (1991)

_#_Life expectancy at birth: 62 years male, 67 years female (1991)

_#_Total fertility rate: 3.5 children born/woman (1991)

_#_Nationality: noun--Peruvian(s); adjective--Peruvian

_#_Ethnic divisions: Indian 45%; mestizo (mixed Indian and European
ancestry) 37%; white 15%; black, Japanese, Chinese, and other 3%

_#_Religion: predominantly Roman Catholic

_#_Language: Spanish and Quechua (both official),