e generally produced by one person or a
small group of people, done often for fun or personal reasons,
and tend to be irreverent, bizarre, and/or esoteric. Zines are
not 'mainstream' publications - they generally do not contain
advertisements (except, sometimes, advertisements for other
zines), are not targeted towards a mass audience, and are
generally not produced to make a profit. An 'e-zine' is a zine
that is distributed partially or solely on electronic networks
like the internet."

3,045 zines were listed in November 1998. John wrote on his
website: "Now the e-zine world is different. The number of e-
zines has increased a hundredfold, crawling out of the FTP and
gopher woodworks to declaring themselves worthy of their own
domain name, even asking for financial support through
advertising. Even the term 'e-zine' has been co-opted by the
commercial world, and has come to mean nearly any type of
publication distributed electronically. Yet there is still the
original, independent fringe, who continue to publish from
their heart, or push the boundaries of what we call a 'zine'."
After many years of maintaining this list, John passed the
torch to others.

"Chroniques de Cyberie" was launched in November 1994 by Jean-
Pierre Cloutier, a journalist living in Montreal, Quebec. As a
weekly French-language report of internet news, Jean-Pierre's
newsletter was sent by email to its subscribers (free
subscription), and available on the web on a dedicated website
(from April 1995). Bruno Giussani, journalist, wrote in The New
York Times of November 25, 1997: "Almost no one in the United
States has ever heard of Jean-Pierre Cloutier, yet he is one of
the leading figures of the French-speaking internet community.
For the last 30 months Cloutier has written one of the most
intelligent, passionate and insightful electronic newsletters
available on the internet, (...) an original mix of relevant
internet news, clear political analysis and no-nonsense
personal opinions. It was a publication that gave readers the
feeling that they were living week after week in the intimacy
of a planetary revolution."

"Venezuela Analitica" was a Spanish-language electronic
magazine conceived as a public forum to exchange ideas on
politics, economics, culture, science and technology. Roberto
Hernandez Montoya, its editor, wrote in September 1998: "The
internet has been very important for me personally. It became
my main way of life. As an orga