missioners
Subordinate
Judges
_Tahsildars_
_Munsifs_
_Naib-Tahsildars_

~Tahsildars and Assistant and Extra Assistant Commissioners.~--Thus the
chain of executive authority runs down to the _tahsildar's_ assistant or
_naib_ through the Commissioner and the Deputy Commissioner, the
_tahsildar_ being directly responsible to the latter. The Assistant and
Extra Assistant Commissioners are the Deputy Commissioner's Assistants
at headquarters, and as such are invested with powers in all branches.
The _tahsildar_, a very important functionary, is in charge of a
_tahsil_. He is linked on to the village estates by a double chain, one
official consisting of the _kanungos_ and the _patwaris_ or village
accountants whom they supervise, the other non-official consisting of
the village headmen and the _zaildars_, each of whom is the intermediary
between the revenue and police staffs and the villages.

~Subdivisional Officers.~--In some heavy districts one or more _tahsils_
are formed into a subdivision and put in charge of a resident Assistant
or Extra Assistant Commissioner, exercising such independent authority
as the Deputy Commissioner thinks fit to entrust to him.

~The Deputy Commissioner and his Assistants.~--As the officer responsible
for the maintenance of order the Deputy Commissioner is District
Magistrate and has large powers both for the prevention and punishment
of crime. The District Superintendent is his Assistant in police
matters. The Civil Surgeon is also under his control, and he has an
Indian District Inspector of Schools to assist him in educational
business. The Deputy Commissioner is subject to the control of the
Divisional Commissioner.

~Financial Commissioners.~--In all matters connected with land, excise,
and income tax administration the Commissioner and Deputy Commissioner
are subject to the control of the Financial Commissioners, who are also
the final appellate authority in revenue cases. As chief district
revenue officer the Deputy Commissioner's proper title is "Collector," a
term which indicates his responsibility for the realization of all
Government revenues. In districts which are canal irrigated the amount
is in some cases very large.

~Settlement Officers, etc.~--With the periodical revisions of the land
revenue assessment the Deputy Commissioner has no direct concern. That
very responsible duty is don