: THE CATHEDRAL FROM THE EAST.
_Reproduced from a drawing by Mr. Hedley Fitton, by permission
of the "Daily Chronicle."_]

FOOTNOTES:

[1] See a paper read before the Society of Antiquaries, in 1833, by Mr.
A.J. Kempe.

[2] Burnham-Overy, in Norfolk, and Barton-Overy, in Leicestershire,
show that the suffix is not peculiar to St. Mary's, Southwark.

[3] It may be well to explain that a "Collegiate Church" takes its name
from the _Collegium_, or collected body of priests, attached to it, who
were called "Secular Canons" in distinction from the "Regular Canons"
of a monastery. The latter were monks who had been admitted to Holy
Orders, but still continued in obedience to the rule (_regulus_) of the
foundation to which they belonged. The Seculars were more or less like
our parochial clergy in that they were subject to no such regulation,
lived and moved without restraint among the people, and in early days
were not infrequently married. Until the time of Pope Gregory VII
(1073-1085), the celibacy of the extra-monastic clergy was not at all
generally insisted on. Even after the twelfth century, when greater
strictness had been enforced by the first and second Lateran Councils,
the marriage of the secular clergy was frequently connived at by their
superiors, who even tolerated a system of concubinage which they were
unable to prevent--_propter duritiem cordis_--by which a law of nature
was provided for, in defiance of the law ecclesiastical. The question
was finally settled by the Council of Trent in 1563, since when the
celibate rule has generally been strictly observed in the Roman Church.
The absence of such a rule in the Church of England is, of course, due
to the Reformation.

With very few exceptions the English "Colleges" were suppressed by an
Act of 1545. The name seems to have clung to St. Saviour's through all
its subsequent changes, rather by old association than as having any
practical value, till the collegiate character, as well as the title,
was formally restored to it in 1897 by Dr. Talbot, then Bishop of
Rochester.

[4] The dedication of the hospital was altered to "St.
Thomas-the-Apostle," in 1540, when the official title of the church was
changed to St. Saviour. To make way for the line of railway between
London Bridge and Charing Cross, a wing of the hospital had to be
pulled down, and the whole was transferred to the Albert Embankment,
where the new buildings were opened by Her late Majesty