[860] _Origin and Development of Moral Ideas_, ii. 693
foll.

[861] Varro, _L.L._ v. 25; Paulus p. 216;
Huelsen-Jordan, _Roem. Topogr._ iii. p. 268 foll. The
remains of these puticuli were unluckily very
imperfectly reported, and have been lost in the building
of the Rome of to-day. On the question of the religious
aspect of the two ways of disposing of the dead, burial
and cremation, it is as well to remember Dieterich's
warning in _Mutter Erde_, p. 66, note: "den Versuch, aus
der Verbreitung und dem Wechsel der Sitte des
Verbrennens und Begrabens fuer meine Untersuchung
Schluesse zu gewinnen, habe ich voellig aufgegeben, als
ich angesichts der ungeheueren Materialen meines
Kollegen von Duhn die Unmoeglicheit solcher Schluesse
einsehen musste." In Mr. Lawson's book quoted above it
seems to me to be proved that the object of both methods
is the same, viz. to destroy the body as quickly as
possible in order to prevent the soul from re-entering
it and annoying the survivors.

[862] This is well explained by Cumont in his _Religions
orientales dans le paganisme romain_, p. 196 foll.,
following Bouche-Leclercq's work on astrology in Greece.
Cumont thinks that astrology took over the business of
the augurs and haruspices, which was now dropped, and
this is true in the main as regards the individual, but
not as regards the State; see above, p. 308 foll.

[863] For Fortuna in the writings of Caesar, etc., see
_Classical Review_, vol. xvii. p. 153. The _locus
classicus_ for Fortuna as a deity under the early empire
is Pliny, _N.H._ ii. 22.

[864] Cato, _R.R._ ch. v. 4.

[865] Val. Max. i. 3. 2, who no doubt was following
Livy; for in the Epitomes of some lost books of Livy
discovered at Oxyrrhyncus by Grenfell and Hunt (_Oxyrrh.
Papyri_, vol. iv. p. 101), the same fact is alluded to.
For the embassy, Maccab. i. 14. 24; xv. 15-24. Two
extracts from the text of Valerius, which is here lost,
both state that proselytising Jews were at this time
driven from Rome; the Jupiter Sabazius, whose cult they
were propagating, can hardly be other than that of
Jehovah; see Schuerer, _Jewish People in the Time of
Christ_, pt. ii. vol. ii. p. 233 of the English
translation. The expulsion of Chaldaei may, however,
have been a separate measure of the pra