y, 101;
the transformation of Great Britain from an, to an industrial
community, 234.

Agricultural laborers,
effect of organization of labor on, 396.

"American Farmer, Letters of an," 8-9, 10.

Apprentices to trades, 391.

Architects,
illustration drawn from, of improvement of popular standards, 444-445.

Aristocracy in British political system, 231-232;
loss of ground by Great Britain traceable to, 233-235;
resignation of economic responsibility by, a betrayal of the national
interest, 234-235.

Armies,
essential and justifiable under present conditions, 256 ff., 264.

Arts,
technical standard in practice of, 434-435.

Asiatics,
as proper subjects for colonizing, 259.

Association,
necessity of, for nations as well as for individuals, 263-264;
the modern nation the best machinery for raising level of human, 284;
necessity of, in case of laboring classes, 388.

Australian ballot,
professional politicians uninjured by, 341;
question of desirability of, 341-342.

Austria,
policy of Bismarck toward, 248-249.

Austria-Hungary,
effect of disintegration of, on Germany, 253;
unstable condition of, renders disarmament impossible, 257;
secondary position of, in Europe, and reasons, 311.

B

Balance of Power,
development of doctrine of, 220.

Bank, National,
Hamilton's policy in creating, 39;
reasons for hostility of Jacksonian Democrats to, 57;
view of, held by Republicans, 57-58;
campaign of Jackson and his followers against, 58-59;
Whigs' failure in attempt to re-charter, 68.

Bank examiners,
difference between Federal commissions and, 363-364.

Birth-rate,
lowering of, in France, 245.

Bismarck, Otto von, 8, 242, 256;
personal career of, 247;
unification of Germany by, 247-249;
course of, as Imperial Chancellor, 249 ff.;
inheritance left to German Empire by, in the way of overbearing
attitude to domestic and foreign opponents, 251;
provoking of Germany's two wars by, was justifiable, 256;
quoted on what constitutes the real nation, 265-266.

"Boss,"
the coming of the, 118-121;
character and position of the, 122;
dealings of, with big corporations, 122-124;
his specialized leadership fills a real and permanent need, 124-125;
is the unofficial ruler of his community, 125;
is the logical outcome of a certain conception of the democratic
state, 148-149;
method proposed for destroying t