tle of Lutzen he served in Silesia and took
part in negotiating the secret treaty of Reichenbach. Having
distinguished himself at the battles of Dresden and Leipzig he was
promoted lieutenant-general. At the crisis of the campaign of 1814 he
strongly urged the march of the allies on Paris; and after their entry
the emperor Alexander conferred on him the order of St Alexander Nevsky.
In 1815 he attended the congress of Vienna, and was afterwards made
adjutant-general to the emperor, with whom, as also with his successor
Nicholas, he had great influence. By Nicholas he was created baron, and
later count. In 1820 he had become chief of the general staff, and in
1825 he assisted in suppressing the St Petersburg _emeute_. His greatest
exploits were in the Russo-Turkish War of 1828-1829, which, after a
period of doubtful contest, was decided by Diebitsch's brilliant
campaign of Adrianople; this won him the rank of field-marshal and the
honorary title of Zabalkanski to commemorate his crossing of the
Balkans. In 1830 he was appointed to command the great army destined to
suppress the insurrection in Poland. He won the terrible battle of
Grochow on the 25th of February, and was again victorious at Ostrolenka
on the 26th of May, but soon afterwards he died of cholera (or by his
own hand) at Klecksewo near Pultusk, on the 10th of June 1831.

See Belmont (Schumberg), _Graf Diebitsch_ (Dresden, 1830); Sturmer,
_Der Tod des Grafen Diebitsch_ (Berlin, 1832); Bantych-Kamenski,
_Biographies of Russian Field-Marshals_ (in Russian, St Petersburg,
1841).

DIEDENHOFEN (Fr. _Thionville_), a fortified town of Germany, in
Alsace-Lorraine, dist. Lorraine, on the Mosel, 22 m. N. from Metz by
rail. Pop. (1905) 6047. It is a railway junction of some consequence,
with cultivation of vines, fruit and vegetables, brewing, tanning, &c.
Diedenhofen is an ancient Frank town (Theudonevilla, Totonisvilla), in
which imperial diets were held in the 8th century; was captured by Conde
in 1643 and fortified by Vauban; capitulated to the Prussians, after a
severe bombardment, on the 25th of November 1870.

DIEKIRCH, a small town in the grand duchy of Luxemburg, charmingly
situated on the banks of the Sure. Pop. (1905) 3705. Its name is said to
be derived from Dide or Dido, granddaughter of Odin and niece of Thor.
The mountain at the foot of which the town lies, now called Herrenberg,
was formerly known as Thorenberg, or Thor's mountain. O