attached
to the material, since for any ordinary monument the stones in the
neighborhood would have sufficed. Still nearer the center were five
groups of three great stones each, and immediately within these a
horseshoe of smaller stones. Finally, near the head of the horseshoe,
a great slab of sandstone is supposed to have served for an altar. The
date of the two structures just described has been a matter of some
dispute.

Illustration of Stonehenge Restored.--------

It is worthy of notice that in the immediate neighborhood of both of
them are found a great number of barrows of the Bronze Age. Over three
hundred were erected in the neighborhood of the latter. In the opinion
of many this fixes their date in the Bronze Age. Stonehenge, in its
ruined state, has formed the subject of no little speculation. Modern
explorers, in connecting it with the Bronze Age, have not dispelled from
it the enchantment of mystery. We must ever wonder as to the nature
of the rites there observed. Our questionings meet with but feeble
response; for though we have learned somewhat of past times, it is
comparatively but little. Ruined columns, crumbling burial mounds, and
remains of stone and bronze will always be surrounded with more or less
mystery--a striking illustration that science is able to dispel but
little of the darkness which unnumbered years have thrown around the
culture of the past.

Illustration of Ancient Tower, Scotland.-----------

REFERENCES

(1) The manuscript of this chapter was submitted to Prof. Chas.
Rau, of the Smithsonian Institution for criticism.
(2) Brace's "Races of the Old World," p. 60.
(3) Brace's "Races of the Old World," p. 61.
(4) Dawkins's "Early Man in Britain," p. 343.
(5) "One mass estimated to weigh two hundred tons." Dana's
"Manual of Mineralogy," p. 291.
(6) Evans's "Ancient Bronze Implements," p. 2.
(7) Rau's "Anthropological Subjects," p. 89. In his preface to
this collection he asserts his belief, that "former inhabitants
of North America, notwithstanding all assertions to the
contrary, were unacquainted with the art of melting copper."
Ibid., vii.
(8) Dawkins's "Early Man in Britain," p. 401.
(9) "Dawn of History," p. 367.
(10) For an excellent discussion of this subject, about which
there is yet much uncertainty, we would refer the reader to
Evans's "Ancient Bronze Implements," chap. xx