sed other varieties
of stone as well. Like the Neolithic people of Europe, they sought
the best varieties of stone for their purpose. But his collection also
included rude Paleolithic forms, and he found by taking the history of
each specimen separately, that just in proportion as the relics were
rude in manufacture and primitive in type the deeper were they buried
in the soil.<52> Writing in 1875, he says: "We have never met a jasper
(flint) arrow-head in or below an undisturbed stratum of sand or gravel,
and we have seldom met with a rude implement of the general character of
European drift implements on the surface of the ground."<53>

These are not theoretical opinions, but are deductions drawn from a
very extensive experience. From figured specimens of these rudest formed
implements, we see they are veritable Paleolithic forms, resembling in
a remarkable manner the rude implements of the old world, whether
collected in France or in India. We learned that the Paleolithic people
of Europe utilized the easiest attainable stone for their implements.
They contented themselves with such pieces of flint as they could gather
in their immediate vicinity. The easiest attainable rock in the valley
of the Delaware is not flint, but argillite, and such is the material of
which the Paleolithic implements are formed. Thus it is shown that the
first appearance of a stone-using folk in the valley of the Delaware was
in the Paleolithic stage of their culture. Judging from the depths of
their buried implements, this long preceded the Neolithic stage.

Illustration of Spear-shaped Paleolithic Implement.-----

These conclusions have been sustained in a very marked manner by late
discoveries in the valley of the Delaware, to which we will now refer.
After reaching the conclusion that the relics of the Stone Age in New
Jersey clearly pointed to a Paleolithic beginning, when argillite, the
most easily attainable stone, was utilized in the manufacture of weapons
and implements, Dr. Abbott made the further discovery that in the
ancient gravels of the Delaware River Paleolithic implements only were
to be found. We must remember that it was in the gravels of European
rivers that the first discoveries were made which have since resulted in
so wonderfully extending our knowledge of the past of man.

The city of Trenton, New Jersey, is built on a gravel terrace whose
surface is between forty and fifty feet above the flood plain of the
Del