namely, as far south as New Jersey."<69>

All this tends to prove that the Paleolithic people of New Jersey were
ancestors of the Eskimos. This becomes highly probable when we pursue
the subject a little farther. Dr. Abbott has shown, from the similarity
of implements, position in which found, and so forth, that the
Paleolithic people continued to occupy the country down to comparatively
recent times, when Indian relics took their place.<70> This is such an
important point that we must give his reasons more in detail. Remember
that Dr. Abbott speaks from the experience gained by gathering over
twenty thousand specimens of stone implements, and paying especial
attention to the position in which they were found. The surface soil of
that section of New Jersey, where he made his explorations, was formed
by the slow decomposition of vegetable and forest growth. In this layer
he found great numbers of undoubted Indian implements. The number,
however, rapidly decreases the deeper we go in this stratum. This would
show that the Indians were late arrivals. Below this surface soil is a
stratum of sand, overlying the gravelly beds below and passing into the
surface soil just mentioned. In this layer were found great numbers
of implements inferior to the Indian types found on the surface, but
superior to the Paleolithic specimens described. They are not only
inferior in finish to the Indian specimens, but are of different
material. They are always formed of argillite. It was further noticed
that the number of these rapidly decreased in the layer of surface soil,
and are but rarely found on the surface.

Now it might be said that these rude forms were fashioned by Indians
when in a rude state of culture, and, as they became more advanced,
they learned the superior qualities of flint, and so dropped the use
of argillite. But it so happens that we have found several places
where were veritable manufactories of Indian implements. It is very
significant that we never find one where the workman used both flint and
argillite. He always used flint alone. Every thing seems to point to
the fact, that the tribes who fashioned the argillite implements were
different from the Indian tribes who made the flint implements. It
is Dr. Abbott's conclusions that the former, the descendants of the
Paleolithic tribes, were the Eskimos, who, according to these views,
must have inhabited the eastern portion of the United States to
comparatively recent ti