wo orders are exactly opposite in spirit, principle, purpose,
and method. All that they have in common is that they are both _secret_
societies, which makes it plain that the opposition of the Latin church
to Masonry is not on the ground of its being a secret order, else why
sanction the Jesuits, to name no other? The difference has been stated
in this way: "Opposite poles these two societies are, for each
possesses precisely those qualities which the other lacks. The Jesuits
are strongly centralized, the Freemasons only confederated. Jesuits are
controlled by one man's will, Freemasons are under majority rule.
Jesuits bottom morality in expediency, Freemasons in regard for the
well-being of mankind. Jesuits recognize only one creed, Freemasons
hold in respect all honest convictions. Jesuits seek to break down
individual independence, Freemasons to build it up" (_Mysteria_, by
Otto Henne Am Rhyn).

[141] For a detailed account of the Duke of Wharton and the true
history of the Gormogons, see an essay by R.F. Gould, in his "Masonic
Celebrities" series (_A. Q. C._, viii, 144), and more recently, _The
Life and Writings of Philip, Duke of Wharton_, by Lewis Melville.

[142] Findel has a nobly eloquent passage on this point, and it tells
the everlasting truth (_History of Masonry_, p. 378). His whole
history, indeed, is exceedingly worth reading, the more so because it
was one of the first books of the right kind, and it stimulated
research.

[143] A paper entitled "An Unrecorded Grand Lodge," by Sadler (_A. Q.
C._, vol. xviii, 69-90), tells practically all that is known of this
movement, which merged with the Grand Lodge of London in 1776.

[144] Nor was that all. In 1735 it was resolved in the Grand Lodge
"that in the future all Grand Officers (except Grand Master) shall be
selected out of that body"--meaning the past Grand Stewards. This act
was amazing. Already the Craft had let go its power to elect the
Wardens, and now the choice of the Grand Master was narrowed to the
ranks of an oligarchy in its worst form--a queer outcome of Masonic
equality. Three months later the Grand Stewards presented a memorial
asking that they "might form themselves into a special lodge," with
special jewels, etc. Naturally this bred discontent and apprehension,
and justly so.

[145] Often we speak of "the York Rite," as though it were the oldest
and truest form of Masonry, but, while it serves to distinguish one
branch of Masonry from