aves out of cartisane, vellum, or parchment, winding
and covering them over with the more precious thread.
These figures were then connected by brides, only as
close as was required to hold them together, and leaving
large open spaces, thus forming the large scroll
patterns seen in so many old pictures." No doubt the
heavy "Fogliami" and "Rose point" laces developed
themselves from these still older kinds of point. As the
cord and card lace disappeared, the name slid on to all
laces with large, bold patterns and open brides, though
the special method which first created it had been
effaced. Latterly, embroidered netting or laces have
been called "guipure d'art." Littre gives the derivation
of the word; he says it is from the Gothic _Vaipa_, or
German _Weban_ or _Weben_ (_g_ and _p_ replacing the _w_
and _b_).

[356] The word lace came from France, where it was
called _lacis_ or _lassis_, derived from the Latin
_laqueus_ (a noose). These words originally applied to
narrow ribbons--their use being to lace or tie.

[357] The Venetians early made much lace for furniture
or ecclesiastical linen adornment, of what they called
"maglia quadrata," which was usually squared netting,
afterwards filled in with patterns in darned needlework.
This somewhat primitive style of lace trimming was
popular on account of its simplicity, and descended to
the peasantry for their domestic decorations in Spain,
Germany, France, and Italy. There are specimens of this
work believed to be of the thirteenth century. At the
time of the Renaissance the simple geometrical designs
developed into animals, fruits, flowers, and human
figures.

[358] See Rock, p. cix, cx. He says that a sort of
embroidery was called network, and certain drawn work he
calls "opus filatorium." See Catalogue of Textiles in
the South Kensington Museum, by D. Rock, p. cxxvii.

[359] Reminding us of the description of a net--"holes
tied together by a string." As a contrast in descriptive
style, we would quote Dr. Johnson on network: "Anything
reticulated or decussated at equal distances, with
interstices between the intersections."--Johnson's
Dictionary.

[360] Isaiah iii. 18, xix. 9.

[361] The nets of chequer work which hung round the
capitals, with the wreaths of chain work, were designed