nd slaves; the men are admirable craftsmen and are renowned
for their wood-carving, cloth-weaving and iron-work. In the west, bows and
arrows are the chief weapons, in the east spears principally are used. The
old form of religion still obtains in the east, which was untouched by the
communistic movement mentioned, and charms of all sorts, as well as carved
anthropomorphic figures, are extremely common. The Ba-Luba are a fine race
physically and seem very prosperous, though in the extreme west
considerable deterioration, physical, moral and cultural, has taken place.

BALUCHISTAN, a country within the borders of British India which, like
Afghanistan, derives its name from its dominant race of inhabitants. It
extends from the Gomal river to the Arabian Sea, and from the borders of
Persia and Afghanistan to those of the Punjab and Sind. It is divided into
two main divisions, British Baluchistan, which is a portion of British
India under the chief commissioner, and the foreign territories under the
administration or superintendence of the same officer as agent to the
governor-general. The former portion, with an area of 9403 sq. m., consists
principally of tracts ceded to the British government by Afghanistan under
the treaty of Gandamak (1879), and formally declared to be part of British
India in 1887. The second class comprises three subdivisions, namely areas
directly administered, native states and tribal areas. The
directly-administered districts include areas acquired in various ways.
Some portions are held on lease from the khan of Kalat; while others are
tribal areas in which it has been decided for various reasons that revenue
shall be taken. They include the whole of the Zhob and Chagai political
agencies, the eastern portion of the Quetta tahsil and other tracts, among
which may be mentioned the Bolan Pass, comprising 36,401 sq. m. in all. The
whole of the northern boundary, with the north-eastern corner and the
railway which traverses Baluchistan through Quetta up to New Chaman on the
Afghan-Baluch frontier, is therefore in one form or other under direct
British control. The remainder of the territory (79,382 sq. m.) belongs to
the native states of Kalat (including Makran and Kharan) and Las Bela.
Tribal areas, in the possession of the Marri and Bugti tribes, cover 7129
sq. m.

Baluchistan as a whole is a sparsely populated tract covering a larger area
than any Indian province save Burma, Madras and Bengal. Thre