, and
Tarum. Their capital was I/g or I/j, called also Irej, about 20 miles
north-west of Darab, with a great mountain fortress; it was taken by
Hulaku in 1259. The son of the prince was continued in nominal authority,
with Mongol administrators. In consequence of a rebellion in 1311 the
Dynasty seems to have been extinguished. A descendant attempted to revive
their authority about the middle of the same century. The latest
historical mention of the name that I have found is in Abdurrazzak's
_History of Shah Rukh_, under the year H. 807 (1404). (See _Jour. As._ 3d.
s. vol. ii. 355.) But a note by Colonel Pelly informs me that the name
Shabankara is still applied (1) to the district round the towns of Runiz
and Gauristan near Bandar Abbas; (2) to a village near Maiman, in the old
country of the tribe; (3) to a _tribe_ and district of Dashtistan, 38
farsakhs west of Shiraz.

With reference to the form in the text, _Soncara_, I may notice that in
two passages of the _Masalak-ul-Absar_, translated by Quatremere, the name
occurs as _Shankarah_. (_Q. R._ pp. 380, 440 seqq.; _N. et E._ XIII.;
_Ilch._ I. 71 and _passim; Ouseley's Travels_, II. 158 seqq.)

VIII. TUN-O-KAIN, the eastern Kuhistan or Hill country of Persia, of which
Tun and Kain are chief cities. The practice of indicating a locality by
combining two names in this way is common in the East. Elsewhere in this
book we find _Ariora-Keshemur_ and _Kes-macoran_ (Kij-Makran). Upper Sind
is often called in India by the Sepoys _Rori-Bakkar_, from two adjoining
places on the Indus; whilst in former days, Lower Sind was often called
_Diul-Sind. Karra-Manikpur, Uch-Multan, Kunduz-Baghlan_ are other
examples.

The exact expression _Tun-o-Kain_ for the province here in question is
used by Baber, and evidently also by some of Hammer's authorities.
(_Baber_, pp. 201, 204; see _Ilch._ II. 190; I. 95, 104, and _Hist. de
l'Ordre des Assassins_, p. 245.)

[We learn from (Sir) C. Macgregor's (1875) _Journey through Khorasan_ (I.
p. 127) that the same territory including Ghain or Kain is now called by
the analogous name of Tabas-o-Tun. Tun and Kain (Ghain) are both described
in their modern state, by Macgregor. (Ibid. pp. 147 and 161.)--H. C.]

Note that the identification of _Suolstan_ is due to Quatremere (see _N.
et E._ XIII. i. circa p. 332); that of _Soncara_ to Defremery (_J. As._
ser. IV. tom. xi. p. 441); and that of _Tunocain_ to Malte-Brun. (_N. Ann.
des V._ xviii. p. 26