ving previously been placed under the
lieutenant-governor of Manitoba. In 1905 these four districts were
formed into the two provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan, and Keewatin
was placed directly under the federal government. In 1898, owing to the
influx of miners, the Yukon territory was constituted and granted a
limited measure of self-government. The unorganized territories are
sparsely inhabited by Indians, the people of the Hudson's Bay Company's
posts and a few missionaries.

_Population_.--The growth of population is shown by the following
figures:--1871, 3,485,761; 1881, 4,324,810; 1891, 4,833,239; 1901,
5,371,315. Since 1901 the increase has been more rapid, and in 1905
alone 144,621 emigrants entered Canada, of whom about two-fifths were
from Great Britain and one-third from the United States.

The density of population is greatest in Prince Edward Island, where it
is 51.6 to the sq. m.; in Nova Scotia it is 22.3; New Brunswick, 11.8;
Ontario, 9.9; Manitoba, 4.9; Quebec, 4.8; Saskatchewan, 1.01; Alberta,
0.72; British Columbia, 0.4; the Dominion, 1.8. This is not an
indication of the density in settled parts; as in Quebec, Ontario and
the western provinces there are large unpopulated districts, the area of
which enters into the calculation. The population is composed mainly of
English- or French-speaking people, but there are German settlements of
some extent in Ontario, and of late years there has been a large
immigration into the western provinces and territories from other parts
of Europe, including Russians, Galicians, Polish and Russian Jews, and
Scandinavians. These foreign elements have been assimilated more slowly
than in the United States, but the process is being hastened by the
growth of a national consciousness. English, Irish and Scots and their
descendants form the bulk of the population of Ontario, French-Canadians
of Quebec, Scots of Nova Scotia, the Irish of a large proportion of New
Brunswick. In the other provinces the latter race tends to confine
itself to the cities. Manitoba is largely peopled from Ontario, together
with a decreasing number of half-breeds--i.e. children of white fathers
(chiefly French or Scottish) and Indian mothers--who originally formed
the bulk of its inhabitants. Alberta and Saskatchewan, particularly the
ranching districts, are chiefly peopled by English immigrants, though
since 1900 there has also been a large influx from the United States.
British Columbia conta