ed between Presbyterians, Methodists
and Congregationalists. The Methodists are the strongest, and in Ontario
form over 30% of the population. Next come the Presbyterians, the
backbone of the maritime provinces. The Church of England is strong in
the cities, especially Toronto. Save among the Indians, active disbelief
in Christianity is practically non-existent, and even among them 90% are
nominally Christian.

_Indians_.--The Indian population numbers over 100,000 and has slightly
increased since 1881. Except in British Columbia and the unorganized
territories, nearly all of these are on reservations, where they are
under government supervision, receiving an annuity in money and a
certain amount of provisions; and where, by means of industrial schools
and other methods, civilized habits are slowly superseding their former
mode of life. British Columbia has about 25,000, most of whom are along
the coast, though one of the important tribes, the Shuswaps, is in the
interior. An almost equal number are found in the three prairie
provinces. Those of Ontario, numbering about 20,000, are more civilized
than those of the west, many of them being good farmers. In all the
provinces they are under the control of the federal government which
acts as their trustee, investing the money which they derive chiefly
from the sale of lands and timber, and making a large annual
appropriation for the payment of their annuities, schools and other
expenses. While unable to alienate their reservations, save to the
federal government, they are not confined to them, but wander at
pleasure. As they progress towards a settled mode of life, they are
given the franchise; this process is especially far advanced in Ontario.
A certain number are found in all the provinces. They make incomparable
guides for fishing, hunting and surveying parties, on which they will
cheerfully undergo the greatest hardships, though tending to shrink from
regular employment in cities or on farms.

_Orientals_.--The Chinese and Japanese numbered in 1906 about 20,000, of
whom, three-quarters were in British Columbia, though they were
spreading through the other provinces, chiefly as laundrymen. They are
as a rule frugal, industrious and law-abiding, and are feared rather for
their virtues than for their vices. Since 1885 a tax has been imposed on
all Chinese entering Canada, and in 1903 this was raised to L100 ($500).
British Columbia endeavoured in 1905 to lay a similar r