o each of these opposite
parties," it is unpleasantly doubtful whether the writer means (1)
_state_ or (2) _parties_ to be emphatic.

If (1), "As for the _state_, these two parties, under the pretence of
serving it, converted it into a prize for their contention." If (2),
write, "Though served in profession, the state was in reality
converted into a prize for their contention by these two _parties_."
In (1) _parties_ is subordinated, in (2) _state_.

Sometimes the addition of some intensifying word serves to emphasize.
Thus, instead of "To effect this they used all devices," we can write
"To effect this they used _every conceivable device_." So, if we want
to emphasize fidelity in "The business will task your skill and
fidelity," we can write "Not only your skill _but also_ your
fidelity." This, however, sometimes leads to exaggerations. See (2).

Sometimes antithesis gives emphasis, as in "You _do_ not know this,
but you _shall_ know it." Where antithesis cannot be used, the
emphasis must be expressed by turning the sentence, as "I _will make
you_ know it," or by some addition, as "You shall _hereafter_ know
it."

*19. Words should be as near as possible to the words with which they
are grammatically connected.* See Paragraphs 20 to 29. For exceptions
see 30.

*20. Adverbs should be placed next to the words they are intended to
affect.* When unemphatic, adverbs come between the subject and the
verb, or, if the tense is compound, between the parts of the compound
tense: "He _quickly_ left the room;" "He has _quickly_ left the room;"
but, when emphatic, after the verb: "He left, or has left, the room
_quickly_."[10] When such a sentence as the latter is followed by a
present participle, there arises ambiguity. "I told him to go slowly,
but he left the room _quickly_, dropping the purse on the floor." Does
_quickly_ here modify _left_ or _dropping_? The remedy[11] is, to give
the adverb its unemphatic place, "He _quickly_ left the room, dropping
&c.," or else to avoid the participle, thus: "He _quickly_ dropped the
purse and left the room," or "He dropped the purse and _quickly_ left
the room."

*21. "Only" requires careful use. The strict[12] rule is, that "only"
should be placed before the word affected by it.*

The following is ambiguous:

"The heavens are not open to the faithful _only_ at intervals."

The best rule is to avoid placing "only" between two emphatic words,
and to avoid using "only" wher