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ery sun. _Coriolanus_, act v, sc. 3 (59). (10) _Titus._ Marcus, we are but shrubs, no Cedars we. _Titus Andronicus_, act iv, sc. 3 (45). (11) _Daughter._ I have sent him where a Cedar, Higher than all the rest, spreads like a Plane Fast by a brook. _Two Noble Kinsmen_, act ii, sc. 6 (4). (12) The sun ariseth in his majesty; Who doth the world so gloriously behold That Cedar-tops and hills seem burnished gold. _Venus and Adonis_ (856). (13) The Cedar stoops not to the base shrub's foot, But low shrubs wither at the Cedar's root. _Lucrece_ (664). The Cedar is the classical type of majesty and grandeur, and superiority to everything that is petty and mean. So Shakespeare uses it, and only in this way; for it is very certain he never saw a living specimen of the Cedar of Lebanon. But many travellers in the East had seen it and minutely described it, and from their descriptions he derived his knowledge of the tree; but not only, and probably not chiefly from travellers, for he was well acquainted with his Bible, and there he would meet with many a passage that dwelt on the glories of the Cedar, and told how it was the king of trees, so that "the Fir trees were not like his boughs, and the Chestnut trees were not like his branches, nor any tree in the garden of God was like unto him in his beauty, fair by the multitude of his branches, so that all the trees of Eden that were in the garden of God envied him" (Ezekiel xxxi. 8, 9). It was such descriptions as these that supplied Shakespeare with his imagery, and which made our ancestors try to introduce the tree into England. But there seems to have been much difficulty in establishing it. Evelyn tried to introduce it, but did not succeed at first, and the tree is not mentioned in his "Sylva" of 1664. It was, however, certainly introduced in 1676, when it appears, from the gardeners' accounts, to have been planted at Bretby Park, Derbyshire ("Gardener's Chronicle," January, 1877). I believe this is the oldest certain record of the planting of the Cedar in England, the next oldest being the trees in Chelsea Botanic Gardens, which were certainly planted in 1683. Since that time the tree has prove
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