ne Grit series--in the middle of the
system, followed by the Coal Measures--a great series of shales with
coal, sandstones and ironstone at the top. This important system
occupies a large area in England. The limestones and shales are well
exposed in Derbyshire, Yorkshire, Northumberland, the Mendip Hills and
at Clifton. The Millstone Grit series is prominent in Lancashire,
Derbyshire, N. Staffordshire, Yorkshire and in the Forest of Dean. The
Coal Measures rest upon the Millstone Grits in most places, generally
in synclinal basins. On the eastern side of the Pennine range are the
conterminous coal-fields of Yorkshire, Derbyshire and Nottinghamshire,
and the coal-field of Durham and Northumberland; on the western side
are the Whitehaven, Burnley, S. Lancashire and N. Staffordshire
coal-fields. Farther south are the S. Staffordshire, Warwickshire,
Coalbrook Dale, Forest of Wyre, Forest of Dean and Bristol and
Somerset coal-fields; while much concealed coal lies under younger
formations in the south-east of England, as has been proved at Dover.
A large part of N. Devon is occupied by the Culm shales, limestones
and grits of Carboniferous age. The principal development of Permian
rocks is the narrow strip which extends from Nottingham to Tynemouth;
here the Magnesian limestone is the characteristic feature. On the
other side of the Pennine Hills we find the Penrith sandstone of the
Vale of Eden and the Brockram beds of the Lake District. Red
sandstones and conglomerates of this age constitute some of the red
rocks which form the picturesque scenery about Dawlish and Teignmouth.

The Triassic rocks, red sandstones, marls and conglomerates cover a
broad area in the Midlands in Worcestershire, Warwickshire and
Leicestershire, whence they may be followed south-westward through
Somerset to the coast at Sidmouth, and northward, round either flank
of the Pennine Hills, through Nottinghamshire and Yorkshire to
Middlesbrough on the one hand, and upon the other through
Staffordshire, Cheshire and Lancashire to Carlisle.

The outcrop of the Lias, mainly clay with thin limestones and
ironstones, runs in an almost continuous band across the country from
Lyme Regis, through Bath, Cheltenham, near Leicester, and Lincoln to
Redcar in Yorkshire. Closely following the same line are the
alternating clays and limestones of the Oolitic series. Next in order
come the Green