e and the ground is roughly filled in with slanting sticks
and brush, the inclosed space being not more than 3 feet in height, with
a maximum width of four or five feet. These shelters are for the
accommodation of the children who watch the melon patches until the
fruit is harvested.

[Illustration: Fig. 111. Kishoni, or uncovered shade, of Tusayan.]

The kishoni, or uncovered shade, illustrated in Fig. 111, is perhaps the
simplest form of shelter employed. Ten or a dozen cottonwood saplings
are set firmly into the ground, so as to form a slightly curved
inclosure with convex side toward the south. Cottonwood and willow
boughs in foliage, grease-wood, sage brush, and rabbit brush are laid
with stems upward in even rows against these saplings to a height of 6
or 7 feet. This light material is held in place by bands of small
cottonwood branches laid in continuous horizontal lines around the
outside of the shelter and these are attached to the upright saplings
with cottonwood and willow twigs.

[Illustration: Plate CVII. Partial filling-in of a large opening in
Oraibi, converting it into a doorway.]

Figs. 112 and 113 illustrate a much more elaborate field shelter in
Tusayan. As may readily be seen from the figures this shelter covers a
considerable area; it will be seen too that the upright branches that
inclose two of its sides are of sufficient height to considerably shade
the level roof of poles and brush, converting it into a comfortable
retreat.

[Illustration: Fig. 112. A Tusayan field shelter, from southwest.]

[Illustration: Fig. 113. A Tusayan field shelter, from northeast.]

ARCHITECTURAL NOMENCLATURE.

The following nomenclature, collected by Mr. Stephen, comprises the
terms commonly used in designating the constructional details of Tusayan
houses and kivas:

Kiko'li The ground floor rooms forming the first terrace.
Tupu'bi The roofed recess at the end of the first terrace.
Ah'pabi } A terrace roof.
Ih'pobi }
Tupat'ca ih'pobi The third terrace, used in common as a loitering
place.
Tumtco'kobi "The place of the flat stone;" small rooms in
which "piki," or paper-bread, is baked. "Tuma,"
the piki stone, and "tcok" describing its flat
position.
Tupa'tca "Where you sit overhead;" the third story.
O'mi Ah'pabi The second s