d west of the river Mississippi, were
constitutional and valid laws.

I have expressed my opinion, and the reasons therefor, at far greater
length than I could have wished, upon the different questions on which
I have found it necessary to pass, to arrive at a judgment on the case
at bar. These questions are numerous, and the grave importance of some
of them required me to exhibit fully the grounds of my opinion. I have
touched no question which, in the view I have taken, it was not
absolutely necessary for me to pass upon, to ascertain whether the
judgment of the Circuit Court should stand or be reversed. I have
avoided no question on which the validity of that judgment depends. To
have done either more or less, would have been inconsistent with my
views of my duty.

In my opinion, the judgment of the Circuit Court should be reversed,
and the cause remanded for a new trial.

End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Report of the Decision of the Supreme
Court of the United States, and the Opinions of the Judges Thereof, in the Case of Dred Scott versus John F.A. Sandford, by Benjamin C. Howard

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