22nd October 1821, and in _Markische Boten_, Nos. 138 and
139, 1821). The organist Wilke of Leipzig published in reply an article in
the _Allgem. musik. Zeitung_ (1822, pp. 777 et seq.) in which "he very
properly repudiated such a laughable recommendation."

[2] _Archives generales du royaume de Belgique, Chambre des Comptes_, No.
2, 449 r^o. cf. 52 r^o.; and Edmund van der Straeten, _La Musique aux
Pays-Bas_, vol. vii. pp. 230-232.

[3] Van der Straeten, _op. cit._ p. 299.

[4] Van der Straeten, _op. cit._ p. 231.

[5] Solomon de Caus, _Les Raisons des forces mouvantes_ (Frankfort, 1615),
problems 25, 28, 29, 30.

[6] _Historia utriusque cosmi_ (Oppenheim, 1617), t. i., experimentum viii.
p. 483.

[7] _Op. cit._ problem 29 shows the arrangement of the bellows for the
wind-supply. In problem 30 is drawn a large section of the barrel, showing
six bars of music represented by the pin tablature, which can be actually
deciphered by the help of the keyboard included in the drawing. These
diagrams are admirably clear and of real technical value. A copy of this
work is in the library of the British Museum.

[8] See also E. van der Straeten, who has translated Philips' setting into
modern notation, _op. cit._ t. vi. pp. 506 and 510.

[9] See V. C. Mahillon, _Catalogue descriptif_ (Brussels, 1896), No. 1137,
p. 371.

[10] _Tedesco_ was applied by Italians to both German and Dutch. Count
Valdrighi, _Musurgiana I. Serandola, Pianoforte, Salterio_ (Modena, 1879),
pp. 27 and 28; and E. van der Straeten, _op. cit._ vol. vi. p. 122.

[11] Jedediah Morse _American Geography_, part ii. p. 334 (Boston, Mass.,
1796).

[12] Knight's _London_, vol. i. p. 144.

[13] Hone's _Every Day Book_, i. p. 1248.

[14] _Collection of all the Dialogues written by Mr Thomas Brown_ (London,
1704), p. 297.

[15] Hone's _Every Day Book_, ii. pp. 1452-1453.

[16] See _Catalogue descriptif_ (Ghent, 1880), Nos. 461 and 462.

[17] Breitkopf and Haertel's _Critically revised edition of Mozart's
Works_, series x. no. 10.

BARREN ISLAND, a volcanic island in the Bay of Bengal. It has an
irregularly circular form of about 2 m. in diameter, composed of an outer
rim rising to a height of from 700 to 1000 ft., with a central cone the
altitude of which is 1015 ft. This cone rises from a depth of 800 fathoms
below the sea. It was active between 1789 and 1832, but has since been
dormant.

BARRES, MAURICE (1862- ), French novelist and politician, w