ariat finds itself in the
same position as the German king occupies with respect to the departed
world, when he calls the people his people, just as he calls a horse
his horse. In declaring the people to be his private property, the
king acknowledges that private property is king.

Just as philosophy finds in the proletariat its material weapons, so
the proletariat finds in philosophy its intellectual weapons, and as
soon as the lightning of thought has penetrated into the flaccid
popular soil, the elevation of Germans into men will be accomplished.

Let us summarize the result at which we have arrived. The only
liberation of Germany that is practical or possible is a liberation
from the standpoint of the theory that declares man to be the supreme
being of mankind. In Germany emancipation from the Middle Ages can
only be effected by means of emancipation from the results of a
partial freedom from the Middle Ages. In Germany no brand of serfdom
can be extirpated without extirpating every kind of serfdom.
Fundamental Germany cannot be revolutionized without a revolution in
its basis. The emancipation of Germans is the emancipation of mankind.
The head of this emancipation is philosophy; its heart is the
proletariat. Philosophy cannot be realized without the abolition of
the proletariat, the proletariat cannot abolish itself without
realizing philosophy.

When all the inner conditions are fulfilled, the German day of
resurrection will be announced by the crowing of the Gallic Cock.

FOOTNOTES:

[1] Speech in defence of hearths and homes.

[2] Shameful part.

[3] _listigen_, a play on the name of the protectionist economist F.
List.

[4] In English in the original.

[5] In conformity with principles.

ON THE JEWISH QUESTION

1. BRUNO BAUER, _Die Judenfrage_ (_The Jewish Question_),
Brunswick 1843.

2. BRUNO BAUER, _Die Faehigkeit der heutigen Juden und Christen,
frei zu werden_ (_The Capacity of Modern Jews and Christians to
become free_), Zurich 1843.

1. BRUNO BAUER, _Die Judenfrage_, Brunswick 1843.

The German Jews crave for emancipation. What emancipation do they
crave? Civic, political emancipation.

Bruno Bauer answers them: Nobody in Germany is politically
emancipated. We ourselves are unfree. How shall we liberate you? You
Jews are egoists, if you demand a special emancipation for yourselves
as Jews. As Germans you ought to labour for the political emancipation
of Ge