wels, and the front one shows the dowels glued
in position. It is customary to warm the edges of the boards before
spreading the glue, and cramps are required to squeeze the joint tight.
These should be left on the jointed board from one to four hours
according to the state of the weather. In cases where thick timber (say
2-in. or 2-1/2-in. boards) is to be jointed, two rows of dowels may be
used, the position of the dowels being as Fig. 200.

[Illustration: Fig. 198.--Marking and Gauging Boards for Dowelling.]

[Illustration: Fig. 199.--Dowelled Joint ready for Glueing.]

Fig. 201 shows the plan of a 3-in. cornice pole made to fit a bay window;
the straight portions of the pole are generally turned in the lathe, the
corner portions being afterwards jointed and worked up to the required
shape. To avoid any difficulty in the setting out of the dowels, a disc
of cardboard or sheet metal is made to the same diameter as that of the
cornice pole; this disc is called a template. The positions of the dowels
are set out geometrically, and the centres are pricked through with a
fine-pointed marking awl (see sketch of template, _a_, Fig. 201). The
template is put on the ends of the straight pole, and the dowel centres
are pricked into the wood. The process is repeated on the ends of the
corner block (_b_, Fig. 201), and if the holes be now bored at the
centres indicated a true fit will be obtained.

[Illustration: Fig. 200.--Method of Dowelling Thick Timber.]

[Illustration: Fig. 201.--Method of Dowelling Cornice Pole by Means of
Template.]

Fig. 201 _c_ shows two portions of the circular pole jointed up to a
corner block, and the dotted lines P indicate the direct line of pressure
and shows the position for the cramp. When the glue is thoroughly set the
corner block is sawn and spokeshaved to the desired shape as shown by the
dotted line. This method is illustrated to show that, by the use of a
suitable template, dowels may be exactly set out even when there is no
straight or square face from which to use a marking gauge, and the method
may, of course, be applied to many other examples of dowelling at the
discretion of the workman.

[Illustration: Fig. 202.--Dowelling a Mitred Frame.]

[Illustration: Fig. 203.--Method of Frame Dowelling. (Long and Short
Shoulders.)]

[Illustration: Fig. 204.--Table Leaf with Dowels.]

[Illustration: Fig. 205.--Block for Twist Bit.]

[Illustration: Fig. 206.--Dowelling for Moulded Fra