ral which considers
departmental affairs. A deliberative body and a representative of
the executive are thus found side by side throughout the strongly
centralized Republic.

20. nous sommes donc autorise. The author is speaking for himself
alone, hence the participle is in the singular.

178.--7. zero. The French use the Centigrade thermometer
with zero at 32 deg. Fahrenheit; 1 4/5 deg. F. = 1 deg. C.

179.--28. un air de famille avec les Auvergnats. An
allusion to the custom in Auvergne of wearing the beard in this fashion.

180.--32. chaussons de lisiere et de la brosserie.
List-shoes and brushes are manufactured in French prisons.

181.--13. qui s'en faisait deux fois autant par la vertu de
l'anse du panier. Compare the phrase, faire danser l'anse du
panier, said of a cook who makes a profit on the supplies of the
Household.

24. son Allemande. Gouvernante is to be understood.

182.--7. joueur comme les cartes. Compare the phrase in
another of Coppee's stories (les Vices du Capitaine), joueur
comme feu Besigue, where the game (bezique) is spoken of as though
it were a person.

11. trop heureux de devenir. Notice the difference between this
phrase and _trop heureux pour devenir_.

31. Dauphin. When the province of Dauphine was added to French
territory, the last ruler of Dauphine, Humbert III, ceded the province
on condition that the title of Dauphin be given to the eldest son of the
French king; the province became a part of French territory in 1349.

183.--10. le trois pour cent. The reference is to
government bonds.

16. quatre bureaux de tabac. Tobacco is a government monopoly in
France, hence the management of the shops is sometimes turned over to
friends of politicians.

18. Deux Decembre. The date (December 2, 1851) on which Louis
Napoleon executed his _coup d'etat_, by which he was elected President
for ten years. There was a Parisian uprising against this act, but he
put this down and in the following year he became Emperor with the title
of Napoleon III (1808-1873).

19. P'pa, et le p'tit Noel... y mettra-ti' tet' chose. For _Papa,
etc. ...y mettra-t-il quelque chose_. See also note to p. 77, l. 32.

184.--1. blond albinos. Modified adjectives of color are
usually invariable.

185.--20. conquetes de 89. The French Revolution began in
1789.

27. l'air d'un marie du samedi. The working people are often
married on Saturday.

29. Republique parlementaire. A Republic has been proclaimed