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Flag description: three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side),
yellow, and red; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia

Economy Mali

Economy - overview: Mali is among the poorest countries in the world,
with 65% of its land area desert or semidesert. Economic activity is
largely confined to the riverine area irrigated by the Niger. About
10% of the population is nomadic and some 70% of the labor force is
engaged in farming and fishing. Industrial activity is concentrated
on processing farm commodities. Mali is heavily dependent on foreign
aid and vulnerable to fluctuations in world prices for cotton, its main
export. In 1997, the government continued its successful implementation
of an IMF-recommended structural adjustment program that is helping
the economy grow, diversify, and attract foreign investment. Mali's
adherence to economic reform and the 50% devaluation of the African
franc in January 1994 have pushed up economic growth to a sturdy 5%
average in 1996-2000. In 2001, GDP decreased by 1.2% mainly due to a 50%
drop in cotton production in 2000-01.

GDP: purchasing power parity - $9.2 billion (2001 est.)

GDP - real growth rate: -1.2% (2001 est.)

GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $840 (2001 est.)

GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 45% industry: 17% services:
38% (2001 est.)

Population below poverty line: 64% average; 30% of the total population
living in urban areas; 76% of the total population living in rural areas)
(2001 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: 1.8%
highest 10%: 40.4% (1994)

Distribution of family income - Gini index: 50.5 (1994)

Inflation rate (consumer prices): 4.5% (2001 est.)

Labor force: 3.93 million (2001 est.)

Labor force - by occupation: agriculture and fishing 80% (2001 est.)

Unemployment rate: 14.6% urban areas; 5.3% rural areas (2001 est.)

Budget: revenues: $764 million expenditures: $828 million, including
capital expenditures of $NA (2002 est.)

Industries: food processing; construction; phosphate and gold mining

Industrial production growth rate: NA

Electricity - production: 462 million kWh (2000)

Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 43.29% hydro: 56.71%
other: 0% (2000) nuclear: 0%

Electricity - consumption: 429.66 million kWh (2000)

Electricity - exports: 0 kWh (2000)

Electricity - imports: 0 kWh (2000)

Agriculture - products