aves rather spirally arranged around the stem, not
just opposite. (=NN.=)

=NN.= Leaves linear to lanceolate, flattened, spreading
quite squarely from the stem. (=OO.=)

=NN.= Leaves not flattened but 4-sided, curved, gradually
enlarging from the tips to the bases, which are
decurrent, and on the young twigs completely cover the
stem; cones rounded; the scales not lapping 105. _Cryptomeria._

=OO.= Leaves about linear in form, of nearly the same
width throughout, and usually fastened to the
cylindrical stem by a distinct disk-like base; cones
erect; scales lapping. 96. _Abies._

=OO.= Leaves about 2 in. long and gradually widening from
the acute tips to the broad (1/8 in.) bases, which
are decurrent on the stem 99. _Cunninghamia._

=OO.= Leaves 1/2-1 in. long, sharp-pointed, very flat,
two-ranked, somewhat lanceolate in form; base
narrowed almost to a petiole 102. _Sequoia._

=PP.= Leaves not decurrent, usually in whorls of three
around the stem, sometimes opposite, acute-pointed;
fruit small (1/8 in.), rounded, dark-colored berries
106. _Juniperus._

=PP.= Leaves decurrent on the stem, less than 1/2 in. long.
(=QQ.=)

=QQ.= Fruit small, globular cones; the scales not lapping
104. _Chamaecyparis._

=QQ.= Fruit small, elongated cones of few, lapping scales
103. _Thuya._

=RR.= Leaves usually but little flattened, but jointed to a
short, brown petiole which is attached to a somewhat
grooved twig; cones pendent, of lapping scales 94. _Picea._

=RR.= Leaves decidedly flattened, not jointed, but narrowed
to a petiole which is usually green or greenish in
color. (=SS.=)

=SS.= Leaves rounded or obtuse at the tip, distinctly
two-ranked, usually less than 1 in. long; cones
oval, 1 in. or less long, of lapping scales 95. _Tsuga._

=SS.= Leaves acute at the tip; fruit (found only on a
portion of the plants, as the flowers are
dioecious) drupe-like, with a single nut-like seed.
(=TT.=)

=TT.= Leaves not two-ranked, over 2 in. long 1