low, purplish or pinkish 4.

=B.= Flowers white, in long, slender, erect clusters 5.

[Illustration: AE. Hippocastanum.]

1. =AEsculus Hippocastanum.= (COMMON HORSE-CHESTNUT.) Leaves of 7
obovate, abruptly pointed, serrated leaflets. Flowers very showy in
large clusters, with 5 white, purple and yellow spotted, broadly
spreading petals. A variety with double flowers is in cultivation. May
or June. Fruit large, covered with prickles. Seeds large,
chestnut-colored. Tree of large size, with brown twigs; cultivated
everywhere; from Asia.

[Illustration: AE. rubicunda.]

_AEsculus rubicunda_ (Red-flowering Horse-chestnut) is frequent in
cultivation; leaflets 5 to 7, red-spotted and rough; flowers rosy red.
It is probably a hybrid between the common Horse-chestnut and one of the
Buckeyes.

[Illustration: AE glabra.]

2. =AEsculus glabra=, Willd. (OHIO BUCKEYE.) Leaves with 5 oval-oblong,
acuminate, serrate, smooth leaflets. Flowers not showy, yellowish-white,
with 4 somewhat irregular, slightly spreading petals. June. Fruit small,
1 in. in diameter, covered with prickles, at least when young; ripe in
autumn. Small to large tree, wild in the basin of the Ohio River, along
river-banks. Sometimes cultivated.

[Illustration: AE. Pavia.]

3. =AEsculus Pavia=, L. (RED BUCKEYE.) Leaves of 5 to 7
oblong-lanceolate, finely serrate, generally smooth leaflets, of a
shining green color, with purple veins and petioles. Flowers (corolla
and calyx) bright red, with included stamens; corolla of 4 petals, not
spreading; calyx tubular. Fruit smooth, oblong-obovate, 1 in. long.
Small tree or shrub, 10 to 20 ft. high, with purple twigs. Virginia west
and south, and occasionally cultivated throughout.

[Illustration: AE. flava.]

4. =AEsculus flava=, Ait. (SWEET BUCKEYE.) Leaves with 5 to 7 serrulate,
elliptical, acuminate leaflets, usually smooth, sometimes minutely
pubescent beneath; the pubescent petiole flattish toward the base.
Flowers yellow, not spreading. Spring. Fruit globose, uneven but not
prickly, 2 in. in diameter. Seeds large (1 in.), 1 or 2 in number,
mahogany-colored; ripe in autumn. Often a large tree, sometimes only a
shrub, 6 to 70 ft. high, in rich woods; Virginia to Indiana, and
southward. Cultivated occasionally throughout.

Var. _purpurascens_ of this species has flesh-colored or dull-purple
flowers, and leaflets quite downy beneath.

[Illustration: AE. macrostachya.]