r
will be its value.--Here I am conscious of having fallen a long way
short of what is possible. Simply because my powers are too slight for
the accomplishment of the task.--May others come and do it better.

On the other hand the truth of the thoughts that are here communicated
seems to me unassailable and definitive. I therefore believe myself to
have found, on all essential points, the final solution of the problems.
And if I am not mistaken in this belief, then the second thing in which
the of this work consists is that it shows how little is achieved when
these problems are solved.

L.W. Vienna, 1918

1. The world is all that is the case.

1.1 The world is the totality of facts, not of things.

1.11 The world is determined by the facts, and by their being all the
facts.

1.12 For the totality of facts determines what is the case, and also
whatever is not the case.

1.13 The facts in logical space are the world.

1.2 The world divides into facts.

1.21 Each item can be the case or not the case while everything else
remains the same.

2. What is the case--a fact--is the existence of states of affairs.

2.01 A state of affairs (a state of things) is a combination of objects
(things).

2.011 It is essential to things that they should be possible
constituents of states of affairs.

2.012 In logic nothing is accidental: if a thing can occur in a state
of affairs, the possibility of the state of affairs must be written into
the thing itself.

2.0121 It would seem to be a sort of accident, if it turned out that
a situation would fit a thing that could already exist entirely on its
own. If things can occur in states of affairs, this possibility must
be in them from the beginning. (Nothing in the province of logic can
be merely possible. Logic deals with every possibility and all
possibilities are its facts.) Just as we are quite unable to imagine
spatial objects outside space or temporal objects outside time, so too
there is no object that we can imagine excluded from the possibility of
combining with others. If I can imagine objects combined in states of
affairs, I cannot imagine them excluded from the possibility of such
combinations.

2.0122 Things are independent in so far as they can occur in all
possible situations, but this form of independence is a form of
connexion with states of affairs, a form of dependence. (It is
impossible for words to appear in two