the drawing herewith presented, the thirty-five organs of Spurzheim
are assigned their proper locations and dimensions. The first organ,
AMATIVENESS (made second by Spurzheim), was assumed to occupy the
entire cerebellum. It really occupies only its median and superior
portion, and a small section of the anterior surface of the spinal
cord, adjacent to the encephalon. This error of Gall and Spurzheim did
a great deal to discredit their system. It manifested on their part a
fallibility of judgment, and a dogmatic adherence to first impressions
in the face of evidence to the contrary; for the experiments of
Rolando and Flourens demonstrated a connection between the cerebellum
and the general vital force and muscular action. The relation may not
have been clearly understood, but the facts were decisive, and the
researches of Majendie, with the more recent ones of Ferrier, have
made more clear the relations of the cerebellum to the muscular system
and vital force.

The doctrine of Gall has been abandoned by physiologists because
refuted by many facts, the most decisive of which is that the
cerebellum of castrated horses is larger than that of stallions, which
could not be possible if the cerebellum had only sexual functions.
Moreover, the doctrine of Gall was essentially unreasonable in itself.
To suppose that so large a portion of the brain which is continually
active, being well supplied with blood, could have a function which is
but occasionally active, and which, through the greater part of human
life, is unnoticed or inactive, is extremely unreasonable; and to
suppose that the serious disturbances of animal life and muscular
motion, caused by ablations of the cerebellum, were due to the
disturbance of an organ having only sexual functions, was thoroughly
absurd. The parrot-like repetition of these exploded errors by the
followers of the phrenological system contributed to its discredit in
the medical profession.

The 2d organ of Gall (3d of Spurzheim), PHILOPROGENITIVENESS, was
regarded as one of the best known phrenological organs, but my
unprejudiced study of heads soon assured me of its inaccuracy. The
organ was small in Spurzheim, who was remarkably fond of children, and
I have found it small in ladies who showed no lack of parental love,
but generally well developed and active in criminal skulls. One which
I obtained in Arkansas, of a man named Richmond, had this region large
and active, although he was the one