anroy, in the "Journal des Savants,"
1892.

[198] One fact among many shows how constant was the intercourse on the
Continent between Frenchmen of France and Englishmen living or
travelling there, namely, the knowledge of the English language shown in
the twelfth and thirteenth centuries by the authors of several branches
of the "Roman de Renart," and the caricatures they drew of English
people, which would have amused nobody if the originals of the pictures
had not been familiar to all. (See Branches Ib and XIV. in Martin's
edition.)

[199] Jeanroy, "Origines de la poesie lyrique en France, au moyen age,"
Paris, 1889, 8vo, p. 68. An allusion in a crusade song of the twelfth
century shows that this _motif_ was already popular then. It is found
also in much older poetry and more remote countries, for Jeanroy quotes
a Chinese poem, written before the seventh century of our era, where, it
is true, a mere cock and mere flies play the part of the Verona lark and
nightingale: "It was not the cock, it was the hum of flies," or in the
Latin translation of Father Lacharme: "Fallor, non cantavit gallus, sed
muscarum fuit strepitus," _ibid._, p. 70.

On _chansons_ written in French by Anglo-Normans, see "Melanges de
poesie anglo-normande," by P. Meyer, in "Romania," vol. iv. p. 370, and
"Les Manuscrits Francais de Cambridge," by the same, _ibid._, vol. xv.

[200] Anglo-Norman song, written in England, in the thirteenth century,
"Romania," vol. xv. p. 254.

[201] "La Plainte d'amour," from a MS. in the University Library,
Cambridge, GG I. 1, "Romania," _ibid._

[202]

Bele Aliz matin leva,
Sun cors vesti e para,
Enz un verger s'entra,
Cink flurettes y truva,
Un chapelet fet en a
De rose flurie;
Pur Deu, trahez vus en la
Vus ki ne amez mie.

The text of the sermon, as we have it is in Latin; it has long but
wrongly been attributed to Stephen Langton; printed by T. Wright in his
"Biographia Britannica, Anglo-Norman period," 1846, p. 446.

[203] "Le Pelerinage de Charlemagne," eleventh century. Only one MS. has
been preserved, written in England, in the thirteenth century; it has
been edited by Koschwitz, "Karls des Grossen Reise nach Jerusalem und
Konstantinopel," Heilbronn, 1880, 8vo. _Cf._ G. Paris, "La poesie
francaise au moyen age," 1885, p. 119, and "Romania," vol. ix.

[204] "Le Roman de Renart," ed. E. Martin, Strasbourg, 1882-7, 4 vols.
8vo; contains: vol. i., the old serie