ee-hand pen drawing, to serve as writing copies. We
show the Nine of Hearts from this pack (Fig. 18), and the eighteenth
century South German graphic idea of a Highlander of the period is
amusing, and his valorous attitude is sufficiently satisfying.

[Illustration: FIG. 19.]

Biography has, too, its place in this playing-card cosmography, though
it has not many examples. The one we give (Fig. 19) is German, of about
1730, and is from a pack which depicts a series of heads of Emperors,
poets, and historians, Greek and Roman--a summary of their lives and
occurrences therein gives us their _raison d'etre_.

[Illustration: FIG. 20.]

Of Geographical playing cards there are several examples in the second
half of the seventeenth century. The one selected for illustration (Fig.
20) gives a sectional map of one of the English counties, each of the
fifty-two cards of the pack having the map of a county of England and
Wales, with its geographical limitations. These are among the more rare
of old playing cards, and their gradual destruction when used as
educational media will, as in the case of horn-books, and early
children's books generally, account for this rarity. Perhaps the most
interesting geographical playing cards which have survived this common
fate, though they are the _ultima rarissima_ of such cards, is the pack
designed and engraved by H. Winstanley, "at Littlebury, in Essex," as we
read on the Ace of Hearts. They appear to have been intended to afford
instruction in geography and ethnology. Each of the cards has a
descriptive account of one of the States or great cities of the world,
and we have taken the King of Hearts (Fig. 21), with its description of
England and the English, as the most interesting. The costumes are those
of the time of James II., and the view gives us Old London Bridge, the
Church of St. Mary Overy, on the south side of the Thames, and the
Monument, then recently erected at the northern end of the bridge to
commemorate the Great Fire, and which induced Pope's indignant lines:--

"Where London's column, pointing to the skies
Like a tall bully, lifts its head and--lies."

The date of the pack is about 1685, and it has an added interest from
the fact that its designer was the projector of the first Eddystone
Lighthouse, where he perished when it was destroyed by a great storm in
1703.

[Illustration: FIG. 21.]

Music, too, is not forgotten, though on playing cards it is seen in