adian partners agreed to break this bond, to fashion a better one on
the Federal principle, in the manner vaguely adumbrated by advocates of
the "Federal" principle for Irish Home Rule, and, as regards their
relations with the Mother Country, to pool their interests and accept
representation by the Dominion alone.

Quebec Home Rule or Dominion Home Rule? Needless to say, these are only
broad types chosen expressly to illustrate two possible types of
relation between Ireland and Great Britain, which I shall henceforth
refer to as "Federal" and "Colonial." There is no reason why we should
not profit in other respects by both examples, nor is there any
possibility of copying either faithfully.

Both types fulfil the fundamental condition laid down at the beginning
of our discussion--both, that is to say, are consistent with responsible
government in Ireland. Quebec, in its inner working, is a microcosm of
the Dominion, and the Dominion system of responsible government is
almost an exact copy of the unwritten British Constitution. In Quebec
(as in all the Provinces and States of Canada and Australia) there is a
Cabinet, headed by a Prime Minister, composed of Members of the
Legislature, and responsible at once to that Legislature and to the
Lieutenant-Governor as representing the Crown. Ireland, under a similar
system (and, _a fortiori_, if she were put in the position of the
Dominion), would have a Cabinet responsible at once to the Irish
Legislature and to the Lord-Lieutenant representing the Crown. The
parallel is more apposite in the case of the Province of Quebec than in
the case of an Australian State, because, as I noted above, the
provincial Lieutenant-Governor is actually appointed by the Dominion
Government, and is in his turn responsible in the first instance to that
Government, just as the Irish Governor, or Lord-Lieutenant, who, under
Home Rule, will for the first time justify his existence, is, and will
still be, appointed by the British Government.

But with the possibility of responsible government granted, it must be
confessed that the arguments against "Quebec Home Rule" as a measure of
practical politics at the present moment, are insuperable. In the first
place there is no question in the coming Bill of federalizing the United
Kingdom on the lines of the Dominion of Canada--that is, of constructing
a new Federal Parliament elected by the whole realm, together with new
local Legislatures elected by the