RDER, HOLY;
VESTMENTS; ECCLESIASTICAL JURISDICTION; EPISCOPACY. (W. A. P.)

FOOTNOTE:

[1] The title prince-bishop, attached in Austria to the sees of
Laibach, Seckau, Gurk, Brixen, Trent and Lavant, and in Prussia to
that of Breslau, no longer implies any secular jurisdiction, but is
merely a title of honour recognized by the state, owing either to the
importance of the sees or for reasons purely historical.

BISHOP AUCKLAND, a market town in the Bishop Auckland parliamentary
division of Durham, England, 11 m. S.S.W. of the city of Durham, the
junction of several branches of the North Eastern railway. Pop. of urban
district (1901) 11,969. It is beautifully situated on an eminence near
the confluence of the Wear and the Gaunless. The parish church is 1 m.
distant, at Auckland St Andrews, a fine cruciform structure, formerly
collegiate, in style mainly Early English, but with earlier portions.
The palace of the bishops of Durham, which stands at the north-east end
of the town, is a spacious and splendid, though irregular pile The site
of the palace was first chosen by Bishop Anthony Beck, in the time of
Edward I. The present building covers about 5 acres, and is surrounded
by a park of 800 acres. On the Wear 1-1/2 m. above Bishop Auckland there
is a small and very ancient church at Escomb, massively built and
tapering from the bottom upward. It is believed to date from the 7th
century, and some of the stones are evidently from a Roman building, one
bearing an inscription. These, no doubt, came from Binchester, a short
distance up stream, where remains of a Roman fort (_Vinovia_) are
traceable. It guarded the great Roman north road from York to Hadrian's
wall. The industrial population of Bishop Auckland is principally
employed in the neighbouring collieries and iron works.

BISHOP'S CASTLE, a market town and municipal borough in the southern
parliamentary division of Shropshire, England; the terminus of the
Bishop's Castle light railway from Craven Arms. Pop. (1901) 1378. It is
pleasantly situated in a hilly district to the east of Clun Forest,
climbing the flank and occupying the summit of an eminence. Of the
castle of the bishops of Hereford, which gave the town its name, there
are only the slightest fragments remaining. The town has some
agricultural trade. It is governed by a mayor, 4 aldermen and 12
councillors. Area, 1867 acres.

Bishop's Castle was included in the manor