ame into force on 1 January 1996 - because many
industries are unfit for EU competition and much-needed revenues
will decline with the elimination of import tariffs and surcharges.
Meanwhile, Ankara's heavy debt repayment schedule in 1996 makes it
necessary for Turkish leaders to bolster the confidence of both
domestic and foreign investors.

GDP: purchasing power parity - $345.7 billion (1995 est.)

GDP real growth rate: 6.8% (1995 est.)

GDP per capita: $5,500 (1995 est.)

GDP composition by sector:
agriculture: 15.5%
industry: 33.2%
services: 51.3% (1994)

Inflation rate (consumer prices): 94% (1995)

Labor force: 20.9 million
by occupation: agriculture 46%, services 31%, industry 23%
note: about 1.5 million Turks work abroad (1994)

Unemployment rate: 10.2% (1995 est.)

Budget:
revenues: $30.2 billion
expenditures: $35 billion, including capital expenditures of $2.8
billion (1995)

Industries: textiles, food processing, mining (coal, chromite,
copper, boron), steel, petroleum, construction, lumber, paper

Industrial production growth rate: 8.8% (1995)

Electricity:
capacity: 18,710,000 kW
production: 71 billion kWh
consumption per capita: 1,079 kWh (1993)

Agriculture: tobacco, cotton, grain, olives, sugar beets, pulses,
citrus; livestock

Illicit drugs: major transit route for Southwest Asian heroin and
hashish to Western Europe and the US via air, land, and sea routes;
major Turkish, Iranian, and other international trafficking
organizations operate out of Istanbul; laboratories to convert
imported morphine base into heroin are in remote regions of Turkey
as well as near Istanbul; government maintains strict controls over
areas of legal opium poppy cultivation and output of poppy straw
concentrate

Exports: $20.7 billion (f.o.b., 1995 est.)
commodities: textiles and apparel 37%, steel products 12%, fruits
and vegetables 11% (1994)
partners: Germany 22%, Russia 8%, US 8%, Italy 6% (1994)

Imports: $32.6 billion (f.o.b., 1995 est.)
commodities: machinery 25%, fuels 17%, raw materials 11%, foodstuffs
5% (1994)
partners: Germany 16%, US 10%, Italy 9%, Russia 8% (1994)

External debt: $73.8 billion (1995 est.)

Economic aid:
recipient: ODA, $195 million (1993)
note: aid for Gulf war efforts from coalition allies (1991), $4.1
billion; aid pledged for Turkish Defense Fund, $2.5 billion

Currency: Turkish lira (TL)

Exch