ps: 1%
meadows and pastures: 4%
forest and woodland: 28%
other: 42%

Irrigated land: 70 sq km (1989 est.)

Environment:
current issues: deforestation attributable to slash-and-burn
agriculture and the use of wood for fuel; recent droughts affecting
agriculture
natural hazards: hot, dry harmattan wind can reduce visibility in
north during winter; periodic droughts
international agreements: party to - Endangered Species, Law of the
Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution,
Tropical Timber 83; signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate
Change, Desertification, Tropical Timber 94

People
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Population: 4,570,530 (July 1996 est.)

Age structure:
0-14 years: 49% (male 1,116,030; female 1,105,957)
15-64 years: 49% (male 1,085,774; female 1,163,374)
65 years and over: 2% (male 46,089; female 53,306) (July 1996 est.)

Population growth rate: 3.56% (1996 est.)

Birth rate: 46.23 births/1,000 population (1996 est.)

Death rate: 10.66 deaths/1,000 population (1996 est.)

Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1996 est.)

Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.86 male(s)/female
all ages: 0.97 male(s)/female (1996 est.)

Infant mortality rate: 84.3 deaths/1,000 live births (1996 est.)

Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 57.87 years
male: 55.7 years
female: 60.1 years (1996 est.)

Total fertility rate: 6.75 children born/woman (1996 est.)

Nationality:
noun: Togolese (singular and plural)
adjective: Togolese

Ethnic divisions: native African (37 tribes; largest and most
important are Ewe, Mina, and Kabre) 99%, European and
Syrian-Lebanese less than 1%

Religions: indigenous beliefs 70%, Christian 20%, Muslim 10%

Languages: French (official and the language of commerce), Ewe and
Mina (the two major African languages in the south), Dagomba and
Kabye (sometimes spelled Kabiye; the two major African languages in
the north)

Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1995 est.)
total population: 51.7%
male: 67%
female: 37%

Government
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Name of country:
conventional long form: Republic of Togo
conventional short form: Togo
local long form: Republique Togolaise
local short form: none
former: French Togo

Data code: TO

Type of government: republic unde