gnised as King; Jerome having at length made his peace
with his brother by repudiating his wife, an American lady of the name
of Patterson, and consenting to a new alliance, more consonant with the
views of the Emperor, with a daughter of the King of Wirtemberg. The
Elector of Saxony was recognised as another _King_ of Napoleon's
creation; Joseph Buonaparte as King of Naples; and Louis, of Holland.
Finally, Russia accepted the mediation of France for a peace with
Turkey, and France that of Russia for a peace with England.

Such were the public articles of the peace of Tilsit; but it contained
secret articles besides; and of these the English government were, ere
long, fortunate enough to ascertain the import.

The British cabinet had undergone a complete change in March, 1807--the
management of affairs passing from the friends and heirs of Mr. Fox into
the hands of Mr. Perceval and other statesmen of the school of Pitt. The
unhappy conduct of the war had rendered the preceding government
eminently unpopular; and the measures of the new one assumed from the
beginning a character of greater energy. But the orders which had been
given must be fulfilled; and the councils of 1806 bequeathed a fatal
legacy in the disastrous expeditions of 1807. Lord Granville Leveson
Gower[57] (the minister at St. Petersburg) was ere this time prepared to
offer to the Czar such subsidies as he had in vain expected when
preparing for the campaign of Poland; but it was too late to retrieve
the error of the preceding cabinet; and the English ambassador, being
unable to break off the negotiations at Tilsit, was compelled to bestow
all his efforts on penetrating the secrets of the compact wherein they
ended.

The result of his exertions was the complete assurance of the government
of St. James's, that the Emperor of Russia had adopted the alliance of
Napoleon to an extent far beyond what appeared on the face of the treaty
of the 7th July; that he had agreed not only to lay English commerce, in
case his mediation for a peace should fail, under the same ban with that
of the decrees of Berlin, but to place himself at the head of a general
confederation of the Northern Maritime Powers against the naval
supremacy of England--in other words, resign his own fleets, with those
of Denmark, to the service of Napoleon. In requital of this obligation
the French Emperor unquestionably agreed to permit the Czar to conquer
Finland from Sweden--thereby adding i