hwith commenced his march through Spain, where the French
soldiery were received everywhere with coldness and suspicion, but
nowhere by any hostile movement of the people. He would have halted at
Salamanca to organise his army, which consisted mostly of young
conscripts, but Napoleon's policy outmarched his General's schemes, and
the troops were, in consequence of a peremptory order from Paris, poured
into Portugal in the latter part of November. Godoy's contingent of
Spaniards appeared there also, and placed themselves under Junot's
command. Their numbers overawed the population, and they advanced,
unopposed, towards the capital--Junot's most eager desire being to
secure the persons of the Prince Regent and the royal family. The feeble
government, meantime, having made, one by one, every degrading
submission which France dictated, having expelled the British factory
and the British minister, confiscated all English property, and shut the
ports against all English vessels, became convinced at length that no
measures of subserviency could avert the doom which Napoleon had
fulminated. A _Moniteur_, proclaiming that "the House of Braganza had
ceased to reign," reached Lisbon. The Prince Regent re-opened his
communication with the English admiral off the Tagus (Sir Sydney Smith)
and the lately expelled ambassador (Lord Strangford), and being assured
of their protection, embarked on the 27th of November, and sailed for
the Brazils on the 29th, only a few hours before Junot made his
appearance at the gates of Lisbon. The disgust with which the Portuguese
people regarded his flight, the cowardly termination, as they might not
unnaturally regard it, of a long course of meanness, was eminently
useful to the invader. With the exception of one trivial insurrection,
when the insolent conqueror took down the Portuguese arms and set up
those of Napoleon in their place, several months passed in apparent
tranquillity; and these were skilfully employed by the General in
perfecting the discipline of his conscripts, improving the
fortifications of the coast, and making such a disposal of his force as
might best guard the country from any military demonstration on the part
of England.

Napoleon thus saw Portugal in his grasp: but that he had all along
considered as a point of minor importance, and he had accordingly
availed himself of the utmost concessions of the treaty of
Fontainebleau, without waiting for any insurrection of the Portugu