rister of much promise, broke out,
but was immediately quelled, with the loss of some lives in the tumult,
and the death of its leaders on the scaffold. In 1848 William Smith
O'Brien, M.P. for Limerick, raised a rebellion in Tipperary, and the
lower classes in Dublin were greatly agitated. Owing, however, to timely
and judicious disposition of the military and police forces the city was
saved from much bloodshed. In 1867 the most serious of modern
conspiracies, that known as the Fenian organization, came to light. The
reality of it was proved by a ship being found laden with gunpowder in
the Liverpool docks, and another with L5000 and 2000 pike-heads in
Dublin. The Habeas Corpus Act was suspended at one sitting by both
Houses of Parliament and about 960 arrests were made in Dublin in a few
hours. Dublin castle was fortified; and the citizens lived in a state of
terror for several weeks together. For later history, see IRELAND.

See W. Harris, _History and Antiquities of the City of Dublin_
(Dublin, 1766); Sir J. T. Gilbert, _History of the City of Dublin_
(Dublin, 1859). The history of the Norsemen in Dublin has been dealt
with by a Norwegian writer, L. J. Vogt, _Dublin som Norsk By_
(Christiania, 1896).

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