uscles, cockles, and oysters, near
the sea; eggs and butter, made very rancid by keeping in bogs. As for
flesh they seldom eat it. Their fuel is turf in most places." The
potatoe, which has brought so many national calamities on the country,
had been then some years in the country, but its use was not yet as
general as it has become since, as we find from the mention of "bread in
cakes" being an edible during a considerable part of the year.

[Illustration: CASTLE CAULFIELD, COUNTY TYRONE.]

[Illustration: SCENE OF THE BATTLE OF THE BOYNE.]

FOOTNOTES:

[512] _Language_--A proclamation in Irish, issued by Tyrone in 1601, is
still extant, with a contemporary English translation.--_See Ulster
Arch. Jour_. vol. vi. p. 57.

[513] _Pope_.--He rhymes spirit and merit; fit and yet; civil and devil;
obey and tea.

[514] _Tasso_.--

"The land fornenst the Greekish shore he held."

Chaucer, too, uses _faute_ for _fault_ in the _Canterbury Tales_.

[515] _Historians_.--Max Mueller--_Lectures on the Science of Language_,
p. 271--states, that labourers in country parishes in England do not use
more than 300 words. A friend of mine, who is an excellent Irish
scholar, assures me the most illiterate Irish-speaking peasant would use
at least 500.

[516] _Carew_.--The tradition of the country says that this vengeance
was excited by the complaints of a lady, with whom the Lord President
had some gallantries, and whose conduct Keating had reproved publicly.

[517] _Scholars_.--We have been favoured with an accurate photograph of
this inscription, by William Williams, Esq., of Dungarvan, from which
the engraving given above has been made. The view of Tubrid Churchyard
is also engraved from a sketch with which he has favoured us. It is
hoped that many Irishmen in distant lands will look with no little
interest on these beautifully executed engravings, and breathe a
blessing on the memory of the good and gifted priest. A Keating Society
was established a few years ago, principally through the exertions of
Mr. Williams and the Rev. P. Meany, C.C. A Catechism in Irish has
already appeared, and other works will follow in due time.

[518] _Brought us_.--Regal Visitation Book. A.D. 1622, MS., Marsh's
Library, Dublin.

[519] _Excluded_.--_History of England_, People's Edition, part ii. p.
156.

[520] _Desired_.--See the Hamilton Manuscripts, _Ulster Arch. Jour_.
vol. iii. pp. 155-147. Blair complains also that his patron "would
r