R.F._ p. 127, for the same rite in the Church
of England (Brand, _Popular Antiquities_, p. 292).

[446] _Les Rites de passage_, ch. ii.

[447] For boundary marks in historical times see
_Gromatici auctores_, vol. ii. p. 250 foll. (Rudorff).

[448] If the cattle were in the woodland beyond the
settlement, as they would be in summer, they could not
be protected in this way: like an army going into the
country of _hostes_ (see above, p. 216) they were
treated in another way, which we may connect with the
ritual of the Parilia, as Dr. Frazer has beautifully
shown in his paper on St. George and the Parilia (_Revue
des etudes ethnographiques et sociologiques_, 1908, p. 1
foll.).

[449] _Georg._ i. 338 foll.

[450] Varro, _L.L._ v. 143; Servius, _Aen._ v. 755 (from
Cato); Plutarch, _Romulus_, xi.

[451] See above, p. 117.

[452] Buecheler, _Umbrica_, pp. 12 foll. and 42 foll.

[453] The deities of the city were invoked to preserve
the name, the magistrates, rites, men, cattle, land, and
crops: a list in which the name is the only item that
carries us back to pre-Christian times.

[454] Buecheler, _Umbrica_, pp. 21 and 84 foll.

[455] Livy xl. 6 init.

[456] See above, p. 96.

[457] Numbers xxxi. 19.

[458] Festus, p. 117.

[459] See Huelsen-Jordan, _Roem. Topographie_, vol. iii.
p. 495; Von Domaszewski, _Abhandlungen_, p. 217 foll.

[460] Suggested by Van Gennep, _Les Rites de passage_,
p. 28.

[461] Livy iii. 28. 11.

[462] Farnell, _Evolution of Religion_, p. 132 foll.

[463] The account of _lustratio_ given in this lecture
is adapted from the author's chapter on the same subject
in _Anthropology and the Classics_, Oxford University
Press, 1908.

LECTURE X

THE FIRST ARRIVAL OF NEW CULTS IN ROME

I said in my first lecture that the whole story of Roman religious
experience falls into two parts: first, that of the formularisation of
rules and methods for getting effectively into right relations with the
Power manifesting itself in the universe; secondly, that of the gradual
discovery of the inadequacy of these, and of the engrafting on the State
religion of Rome of an ever-increasing number of foreign rites and
deities. The first of these stories has been occupying us so far, and
before I leave it for what will be practically an introduction