erequisite to voting, validity, 1165
Grandfather clauses, void, 1184
Inequalities in voting power from unfair apportionment and nominating
procedures, 92-94, 1165, 1207-1208
Literacy requirements for voting, 1184-1186
of Members of Congress, each House to be judge of, 95-96
Municipal, Federal regulations pertaining to, 92-93
Primary, for nomination of Congressmen, Federal regulations as to, 94
Primary, status of political parties in, 1185
Qualifications of voters; voting rights, Federal protection of, etc.,
87, 92-94, 386, 1170-1172, 1183-1186, 1207-1208, 1219-1220
Time-off-for-voting laws, validity, 988

Electricity (_see also_ Public Utilities):
Interstate distribution of, Federal, State regulation, 137, 223

Embargoes. _See_ Conservation; Foreign Commerce.

Eminent Domain (_see also_ Aliens; Navigable Waters):
Federal, just compensation defined, enforced; right to interest, etc.,
866-867, 869-872
Federal, of State lands, 920
Federal power of, scope, 837, 864-872, 920
Federal, public use defined, determined, 865-866
Federal, what constitutes a "taking", 867-869
President, powers of, in war time, 403
State, power of, inalienable, limited by due process clause, 349-350,
1062-1070
State, "taking", "for public use", just compensation, uncompensated
takings, consequential damages, defined, 1003-1068
War damage, liability of United States, 298

Emoluments, acceptance from foreign states by public officers,
restricted, 324

Enemies:
Alien, confiscation of property, 865
Alien, deportation after end of hostilities, 474-475
Alien, not protected by due process of law, 846
Alien, property, rights, status; effect of war on, 80, 294-298, 402,
846, 865

Equal Protection of the Laws (_see also_ Corporation; Elections;
Negroes; State: Taxation):
Federal enforcement of guaranty; limits, 807-808, 919, 1175-1177
Scope of protection, 1141-1170
State action denying, what constitutes, 1141-1142

Escheat. _See_ Banks; Insurance.

Estate, Gift, and Inheritance Taxes. _See_ Taxation.

Evidence and Presumptions, burden of proof, prima facie evidence, etc.,
due process limitations on State regulations as to, 1093-1096

Excises. _See_ Taxation.

Executive Agreements (_see also_ President: Powers):
Distinguished from Treaties, 433, 442, 444-445
Examples of, authorized, approved by Congress, 419, 433, 441-443, 445
Supreme, over conflicting State