ion providing punishment in case "two or more persons in any State
* * * conspire * * * for the purpose of depriving * * * any person * * *
of the equal protection of the laws * * * or for the purpose of
preventing or hindering the constituted authorities of any State * * *
from giving or securing to all persons within such State * * * the equal
protection of the laws * * *," _held_ invalid for punishment of
conspiracy within a State--as not supported by the Thirteenth to
Fifteenth Amendments.

United States _v._ Harris, 106 U.S. 629 (January 22, 1883).

In Baldwin _v._. Franks, 120 U.S. 678 (March 7, 1887), an
attempt was made to distinguish the Harris case, and apply it
to conspiracy against aliens, though within a State, and
_held_, the provision was not separable in such case.

20. Revised Statutes of the District of Columbia, section 1064 (act of
June 17, 1870, 16 Stat. 154, ch. 133, sec. 3).

Provision that "prosecutions in the police court [of the District of
Columbia] shall be by information under oath, without indictment by
grand jury or trial by petit jury," as applied to punishment for
conspiracy, _held_ to Contravene article III, section 2, clause 3,
requiring jury trial of all crimes.

Callan _v._ Wilson, 127 U.S. 540 (May 14, 1888).

21. Act of March 1, 1875 (18 Stat. 336, secs. 1, 2).

Provision "That all persons within the jurisdiction of the United States
shall be entitled to the full and equal enjoyment of the accommodations
* * * of inns, public conveyances on land or water, theaters, and other
places of public amusement; subject only to the conditions and
limitations established by law, and applicable alike to citizens of
every race and color, regardless of any previous condition of
servitude"--subject to penalty, _held_ not to be supported by the
Thirteenth or Fourteenth Amendments.

Civil Rights Cases, 109 U.S. 3 (October 15, 1883), as to
operation within States.

Butts _v._ Merchants and Miners Transportation Co., 230 U.S.
126 (June 16, 1913) as to operation outside the States.

22. Act of March 3, 1875 (18 Stat. 479, ch. 144, sec. 2).

Provision that "if the party [i.e., a person stealing property from the
United States] has been convicted, then the judgment against him shall
be conclusive evidence in the prosecution against [the] receiver that
the property of the United States therein described has been embezzled,
stolen, or purloine