_held_ an attempt to enlarge the judicial power restricted by
article III, section 2, to cases and controversies.

Muskrat _v._ United States and Brown and Gritts _v._ United
States, 219 U.S. 346 (January 23, 1911).

40. Act of May 27, 1908 (35 Stat. 313, sec. 4).

Provision making locally taxable "all land [of Indians of the Five
Civilized Tribes] from which restrictions have been or shall be
removed," _held_ a violation of the Fifth Amendment, in view of the
Atoka Agreement, embodied in the Curtis Act of June 28, 1898, providing
tax-exemption for allotted lands while title in original allottee, not
exceeding 21 years.

Choate _v._ Trapp, 224 U.S. 665 (May 13, 1912).

41. Act of August 19, 1911 (37 Stat. 28).

A proviso in section 8 of the Federal Corrupt Practices Act fixing a
maximum authorized expenditure by a candidate for Senator "in any
campaign for his nomination and election," as applied to a primary
election, _held_ not supported by article I, section 4, giving Congress
power to regulate the manner of holding elections for Senators and
Representatives.

Newberry _v._ United States, 256 U.S. 232 (May 2, 1921).

42. Act of June 18, 1912 (37 Stat. 136, sec. 8).

Part of section 8 giving the Juvenile Court of the District of Columbia
(proceeding upon information) concurrent jurisdiction of desertion cases
(which were, by law, misdemeanors punishable by fine or imprisonment in
the workhouse at hard labor for 1 year), _held_ invalid under the Fifth
Amendment, which gives right to presentment by a grand jury in case of
infamous crimes.

United States _v._ Moreland, 258 U.S. 433 (April 17, 1922).

43. Act of March 4, 1913 (37 Stat. 988, part of par. 64).

Provision of the District of Columbia Public Utility Commission Act
authorizing appeal to the United States Supreme Court from decrees of
the District of Columbia Court of Appeals modifying valuation decisions
of the Utilities Commission, _held_ an attempt to extend the appellate
jurisdiction of the Supreme Court to cases not strictly judicial within
the meaning of article III, section 2.

Keller _v._ Potomac Electric Power Co. et al., 261 U.S. 428
(April 9, 1923).

44. Act of September 1, 1916 (39 Stat. 675, ch. 432, entire).

The original Child Labor Law, providing "that no producer * * * shall
ship * * * in interstate commerce * * * any article or commodity the
product of any mill * * * in which within 30 days p