Academy in seven years. It
contains 10,362 characters, and countless combinations of two, three
or four characters, forming compound words and idioms, with numerous
and copious quotations. According to Williams (_On the word Shin_, p.
79), an English translation would fill 140 volumes octavo of 1000
pages each. _Kanghi tsze tien_ (Kanghi's Standard or Canon of the
Character), the dictionary of Kanghi, the first emperor of the present
dynasty, was composed by 30 members of the Han lin, and published in
1716, 40 vols. 4to, with a preface by the emperor. It contains 49,030
characters, arranged under the 214 radicals. It is generally in 12
vols., and is universally used in China, being the standard authority
among native scholars for the readings as well as the meanings of
characters. LATIN.--De Guignes (French, Lat.), Paris, 1813, fol.;
Klaproth, Supplement, 1819; ed. Bazil (Latin), Hong-Kong, 1853, 4to:
Goncalves (Lat.-Chin.), Macao, 1841, fol.: Callery, _Systema
phoneticum_, Macao, 1841, 8vo: Schott, _Vocabularium_, Berlin, 1844,
4to. ENGLISH.--Raper, London, 1807, fol. 4 vols.: Morrison, Macao,
1815-1823, 4to, 3 parts in 6 vols.: Medhurst, Batavia, 1842-1843, 8vo,
2 vols.: Thom, Canton, 1843, 8vo: Lobscheid, Hong-Kong, 1871, 4to:
Williams, Shanghai, 1874, 4to. ENG. CHINESE.--Morrison, part iii.:
Williams, Macao, 1844, 8vo: Medhurst, Shanghai, 1847-1848, 8vo, 2
vols.: Hung Maou, _Tung yung fan hwa_ (Common words of the Red-haired
Foreigners), 1850, 8vo. Doolittle, Foochow, 1872, 4to, vol. i. 550
pages. FRENCH,--Callery, _Dict. encyclopedique_, Macao and Paris, 1845
(radicals 1-20 only): M. A. H., 1876, 8vo, autographie, 1730 pages.
FRENCH-CHIN.--Perny (Fr.-Latin, Spoken Mandarin), Paris, 1869, 4to;
Appendice, 1770; Lemaire and Giguel, Shanghai, 1874, 16mo.
PORTUGUESE.--Goncalves (Port.-Chin.), Macao, 1830, 8vo, 2 vols.: Id.
(Chin.-Port.), ib. 1833, 8vo. IDIOMS.--Giles, Shanghai, 1873, 4to.
PHRASES.--Yaou Pei-keen, _Luy yih_, 1742-1765, 8vo, 55 vols.: Tseen
Ta-hin, _Shing luy_, 1853, 8vo, 4 vols. CLASSICAL EXPRESSIONS.--Keang
Yang and 30 others, _Sze Shoo teen Lin_, 1795, 8vo, 30 vols. ELEGANT
EXPRESSIONS.--Chang ting yuh, _Fun luy tsze kin_, 1722, 8vo, 64 vols.
PHRASES OF THREE WORDS.--Julien (Latin), Paris, 1864, 8vo.
POETICAL.--_Pei wan she yun_, 1800, 8vo, 5 vols. PROPER NAMES.--F.
Porter Smith (China, Japan, Corea, Annam, &c., Chinese-Eng.),
Shan