utation by a daring stroke.
The scene of this brilliant operation was close above the Tonale Pass,
the site of one of the greatest glaciers in Europe. From Presanella to
Care the ice extends in a gleaming crescent for more than twenty
miles. Its broadest part stretches for six miles to Monte Adamello,
11,640 feet high. The paths over or by these glaciers had been seized
and fortified by the Italians and their line along this front lay
mostly within Italian territory. In mid-July a force of Tyroleans
found a new track through the ice and before the Italians, engrossed
with operations elsewhere, knew what they were doing they had
penetrated several miles into Italian lands. The Italians met the
invaders at the famous Garibaldi Hut owned by the Italian Alpine Club
just beneath Mount Adamello and checked the advance, although the
Austrians retained some of the peaks commanding the Hut.

Just north of the Adamello group of peaks in the upper part of the
Giudicari Valley extending to Lake Garda the Italians took one of the
northern passes by surprise and advanced toward the forts defending
Riva and Arco. Eventually they won all the country south of the Ledro
Valley with a series of fierce artillery duels. A similar advance was
made east of Lake Garda and down the Lagarina Valley. The forward
movement was signalized by engineering feats comparable, in their
mastery of the human hand over the forces of nature, only to the
building of the Pyramids. The great siege guns weighing many tons were
hoisted to the top of cloud-piercing summits solely by man power.
Every bit of ammunition and supplies had to be brought up by the same
laborious method. At Col di Lana the Austrians had an intricate series
of works excavated deep in the solid rock. High explosive shells and
hand bombs were useless against this defense, but Colonel Garibaldi, a
grandson of the great Italian Liberator, found a way to drive the
Austrians out of their position. He mustered a corps of engineers who
had helped drill the great railway tunnels on the Swiss frontier and
under his direction they tunneled right through the mountain into the
Austrian galleries on the reverse slope. When the fumes of the last
charge of blasting dynamite cleared away a detachment of bomb
carriers leaped through the jagged hole, drove the enemy from their
galleries, and, constantly fed by supporting troops, cleared their way
up and down the mountain.

The first of August, 1915, found t