one chief point which will characterize the
whole procedure, and thus be decisive for the systematic arrangement
of these exercises.

The latter can then be divided into two principal groups, according as
to whether they are based on the assumption of a Cavalry force acting
as an independent unit or in combination with the other Arms. The
general conditions in both cases must be clearly brought out, and give
them the point of attachment for the further subdivision of the
exercises.

Thus, with regard to the first case:

Reconnaissance from a great distance. Deployment of one or more
columns out of defiles or in open country. The land in the vicinity of
the training ground can here be advantageously employed. It is not
desirable to place the heads of the separate columns at once on the
scene of action, using these points as starting-points for the
forthcoming exercise. One must give the columns longer marches, and
demand that--assisted by a properly-working mechanism for circulating
information and orders--they should arrive at the point of action at
the proper time, in spite of possible delays or interference on the
road. The enemy, whether skeleton or otherwise, must, of course, be
handled so that collision occurs within the limits of the training
ground.

Transition from the relations of advance (or rear) guard and main body
to the order these assume on the battle-field.

Attacks on a railway or hostile post.

Government boundaries form no support for the flanks; these can only
be considered as secure when protected by natural obstacles; hence, as
a rule, measures must be taken to cover both flanks.

Transition from the tactical to the strategical form after completion
of an encounter; pursuit of the enemy with one fraction of the force,
and continuation of the operation with the remainder; for the latter,
only orders need be issued; but it is a matter of considerable
importance how this division of force rendered necessary by the
tactical encounters is arranged.

Retreat after a repulse, in one or several columns.

Retirement through defiles.

In the second case:

Selection of position on the battle-field in a proper relation to the
fighting line, zone of danger, etc., and reconnaissance to front and
flanks.

Advance from a position in reserve to attack on the enemy's Cavalry
round one wing of an Army.

Transition from a victorious charge against Cavalry to a further
attack against the enemy's flan