ed under Bradford and Brewster in the Mayflower, the scene of
whose landing at Plymouth is painted on the walls of the Houses of
Parliament, belongs the first credit of the great undertaking.

Of that enterprise one of their brethren in England wrote in the time
of their severest distress, with prophetic foresight, "Let it not be
grievous to you that you have been instruments to break the ice for
others; the honor shall be yours to the world's end." From this time
forward the American coast south of the Bay of Fundy was settled
mainly by English emigrants, and in the course of a little more than a
century (1620-1733), the total number of colonies had reached
thirteen. Thus the nation of Great Britain was beginning to expand
into that *greater* Britain which it had discovered and planted beyond
the sea.

Meanwhile a new power had arisen in England. It was mightier even
than that of kings, because greater for both good and evil. Its
influence grew up very gradually. It was part of the fruit of
Caxton's work undertaken nearly two centuries earlier (S306). This
power appeared in the spring of 1622, under the name of the _Weekly
News_,--the first regular newspaper.

423. The Colonization of Ireland (1611).

While the colonization of America was going on, King James was himself
planning a very different kind of colony in the northeast of Ireland.
The greater part of the province of Ulster, which had been the scene
of the rebellion under Elizabeth (S402), had been seized by the
Crown. The King now granted these lands to settlers from Scotland and
England. The city of London founded a colony which they called
Londonderry, and by this means Protestantism was firmly and finally
established in the north of the island.

424. The "Addled Parliament"; the New Stand taken by the House of
Commons (1610-1614).

The House of Commons at this period began to slowly recover the power
it had lost under the Tudors (S350). James suffered from a chronic
lack of money. He was obliged to apply to Parliament to supply his
wants (1614), but that body was determined to grant nothing without
reforms. It laid down the principle, to which it firmly adhered, that
the King should not have the nation's coin unless he would promise to
right the nation's wrongs.

After several weeks of angry discussion the King dissolved what was
nicknamed the "Addled Parliament," because its enemies accused it of
having accomplished nothing. In reality